ANATOMY FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
CORRECT 100%
What are the major controlling systems in the body? - ANSWERendocrine and nervous
Which area of the brain is responsible for much of the body's hormonal control? -
ANSWERhypothalamus
What pathway does a simple reflex travel along? - ANSWERreceptor, afferent neuron,
integration center, efferent neuron, effector
What are the major parts of a nerve cell? - ANSWERdendrites, soma and axon
What is the electrical wave that travels down an axon? - ANSWERaction potential
What is the space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendtrite of another
neuron? - ANSWERsynapse
What is the chemical that transfers the electrical signal from one neuron to another? -
ANSWERneurotransmitter
What is the primary integration center in a spinal reflex? - ANSWERthe spinal cord
What is gray matter? - ANSWERunmyelinated parts of the brain and spinal cord
What is the covering that insulates axons? - ANSWERmyelin
What is the function of myelin? - ANSWERspeeds up nerve impulses
What area of the brain is responsible to interpreting information coming from the eyes? -
ANSWERoccipital lobe
What is the function of the medulla oblongata? - ANSWERrespiration, heart rate, and
blood pressure
What part of brain controls movement? - ANSWERcerebellum
What part of the brain acts as a thermostat to regulate body temperature? -
ANSWERhypothalamus
What is the most common neurotransmitter in the body? - ANSWERacetylcholine
What is the function of the frontal lobe of the brain? - ANSWERplanning, reasoning, and
voluntary movement
, What are the meningeal layers? - ANSWERdura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater
What is an inflammation of the meninges? - ANSWERmeningitis
What part of the brain controls our sex and food drive behaviors? - ANSWERlimbic
system
All sensory information except olfactory must first travel through what part of the brain
before it goes to the cortex? - ANSWERthalamus
What are the photoreceptors of the retina? - ANSWERrods and cones
What point on the retina has no photoreceptors? - ANSWERblind spot
Which photoreceptor allows humans to see in dim light? - ANSWERrods
Which photoreceptor allows humans to see in color? - ANSWERcones
What structure regulates the amount of light that passes to the visual receptors of the
eye? - ANSWERiris
Where are the receptors for hearing located in the ear? - ANSWERcochlea
Why can corneas can be transplanted without being rejection? - ANSWERthey have no
blood supply
What stimulates olfactory cells and taste buds? - ANSWERsubstances in solution
(mucus and saliva)
Which division of the autonomic nervous system controls our "fight or flight" response? -
ANSWERsympathetic
Which division of our autonomic nervous system controls our "feed and breed"
response? - ANSWERparasympathetic
List the structures of the eye through which light passes to the retina. -
ANSWERcornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, retina
What structures make up the brain stem? - ANSWERmidbrain, pons, and medulla
oblongata
What are the two types of neuroglia that produce myelin? - ANSWERSchwann cells in
PNS and oligodendrocytes in the CNS
CORRECT 100%
What are the major controlling systems in the body? - ANSWERendocrine and nervous
Which area of the brain is responsible for much of the body's hormonal control? -
ANSWERhypothalamus
What pathway does a simple reflex travel along? - ANSWERreceptor, afferent neuron,
integration center, efferent neuron, effector
What are the major parts of a nerve cell? - ANSWERdendrites, soma and axon
What is the electrical wave that travels down an axon? - ANSWERaction potential
What is the space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendtrite of another
neuron? - ANSWERsynapse
What is the chemical that transfers the electrical signal from one neuron to another? -
ANSWERneurotransmitter
What is the primary integration center in a spinal reflex? - ANSWERthe spinal cord
What is gray matter? - ANSWERunmyelinated parts of the brain and spinal cord
What is the covering that insulates axons? - ANSWERmyelin
What is the function of myelin? - ANSWERspeeds up nerve impulses
What area of the brain is responsible to interpreting information coming from the eyes? -
ANSWERoccipital lobe
What is the function of the medulla oblongata? - ANSWERrespiration, heart rate, and
blood pressure
What part of brain controls movement? - ANSWERcerebellum
What part of the brain acts as a thermostat to regulate body temperature? -
ANSWERhypothalamus
What is the most common neurotransmitter in the body? - ANSWERacetylcholine
What is the function of the frontal lobe of the brain? - ANSWERplanning, reasoning, and
voluntary movement
, What are the meningeal layers? - ANSWERdura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater
What is an inflammation of the meninges? - ANSWERmeningitis
What part of the brain controls our sex and food drive behaviors? - ANSWERlimbic
system
All sensory information except olfactory must first travel through what part of the brain
before it goes to the cortex? - ANSWERthalamus
What are the photoreceptors of the retina? - ANSWERrods and cones
What point on the retina has no photoreceptors? - ANSWERblind spot
Which photoreceptor allows humans to see in dim light? - ANSWERrods
Which photoreceptor allows humans to see in color? - ANSWERcones
What structure regulates the amount of light that passes to the visual receptors of the
eye? - ANSWERiris
Where are the receptors for hearing located in the ear? - ANSWERcochlea
Why can corneas can be transplanted without being rejection? - ANSWERthey have no
blood supply
What stimulates olfactory cells and taste buds? - ANSWERsubstances in solution
(mucus and saliva)
Which division of the autonomic nervous system controls our "fight or flight" response? -
ANSWERsympathetic
Which division of our autonomic nervous system controls our "feed and breed"
response? - ANSWERparasympathetic
List the structures of the eye through which light passes to the retina. -
ANSWERcornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, retina
What structures make up the brain stem? - ANSWERmidbrain, pons, and medulla
oblongata
What are the two types of neuroglia that produce myelin? - ANSWERSchwann cells in
PNS and oligodendrocytes in the CNS
