MO221 Midterm Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
Organizations - Answers Group of people who work interdependently towards some purpose
Collective entities
Collective sense of purpose
Organisational Behaviour - Answers Study of what people think, feel and do in and around
organizations
Way which a group of people within an organization interact and work together to achieve goals
Lewin's Formula: B = f(I, E) - Answers Peoples behavior (B) at work = a function of the individual
(I) and the environment (E)
Managers and teammates can't directly control any individual (I)
Managers and teammates can only control or influence the environment (E)
Pedagogy: Kolb's Experiential Learning Model - Answers Circle:
> Concrete Experience (engage in class) > Reflect Observation (Think about/discuss what
happened/importance) >Abstract Conceptualization (Develop a theory as to why and how) >
Active Experimentation (Test your theory) >
Fundamentals of Perception: Understanding the Mind's Architecture - Answers The mind is
structured to help us be efficient - want to save mental energy
We have a high need to anticipate and interpret our environment (survival instinct)
We form associations (shortcuts) based on our experiences (system 1 thinking)
Perceptual errors shape our attributes and behaviors
Fundamental Attribution Errors - Answers Tendency to see the person rather than the situation
as the main cause of that person's behavior
Error: Self-Serving Bias - Answers Tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors and
failures to external factors
Error: Confirmation Bias - Answers Tendency to search for, interpret, favor and recall
information that confirms preexisting beliefs
The name pronunciation effect - Answers easier to pronounce names get a more positive
response than those with harder names
Implicit Bias - Answers Attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and
, decisions in an unconscious manner
Implicit Biases are:
Favorable and Unfavorable assessments
Activated involuntarily without our awareness/control
Usually favoring our "in-group"
Pervasive - anyone has them
Malleable - can be unlearned
Strategies to reduce bias: Seek out meaningful interaction - Answers it is harder to stereotype
with increased interaction.
Interaction should:
be close and frequent
involve tasks with shared goals
grant participants equal status
Strategies to reduce bias: Develop Perspective-Taking - Answers Sensitivity to the feelings,
thoughts and situations of others
Strategies to reduce bias: Practice Self-Awareness - Answers Awareness of your values, beliefs,
and prejudices
Take an implicit association test
Apply the Johari Window
Johari Window Model - Answers Model of self-awareness and mutual understanding
Four "windows"
Open area—information about you known to you and others
Blind area—information known to others but not to yourself
Hidden area—information known to you, unknown to others
Unknown area—not known to you or others
Increase open area through two processes:
Disclosure—tell others about yourself
Organizations - Answers Group of people who work interdependently towards some purpose
Collective entities
Collective sense of purpose
Organisational Behaviour - Answers Study of what people think, feel and do in and around
organizations
Way which a group of people within an organization interact and work together to achieve goals
Lewin's Formula: B = f(I, E) - Answers Peoples behavior (B) at work = a function of the individual
(I) and the environment (E)
Managers and teammates can't directly control any individual (I)
Managers and teammates can only control or influence the environment (E)
Pedagogy: Kolb's Experiential Learning Model - Answers Circle:
> Concrete Experience (engage in class) > Reflect Observation (Think about/discuss what
happened/importance) >Abstract Conceptualization (Develop a theory as to why and how) >
Active Experimentation (Test your theory) >
Fundamentals of Perception: Understanding the Mind's Architecture - Answers The mind is
structured to help us be efficient - want to save mental energy
We have a high need to anticipate and interpret our environment (survival instinct)
We form associations (shortcuts) based on our experiences (system 1 thinking)
Perceptual errors shape our attributes and behaviors
Fundamental Attribution Errors - Answers Tendency to see the person rather than the situation
as the main cause of that person's behavior
Error: Self-Serving Bias - Answers Tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors and
failures to external factors
Error: Confirmation Bias - Answers Tendency to search for, interpret, favor and recall
information that confirms preexisting beliefs
The name pronunciation effect - Answers easier to pronounce names get a more positive
response than those with harder names
Implicit Bias - Answers Attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and
, decisions in an unconscious manner
Implicit Biases are:
Favorable and Unfavorable assessments
Activated involuntarily without our awareness/control
Usually favoring our "in-group"
Pervasive - anyone has them
Malleable - can be unlearned
Strategies to reduce bias: Seek out meaningful interaction - Answers it is harder to stereotype
with increased interaction.
Interaction should:
be close and frequent
involve tasks with shared goals
grant participants equal status
Strategies to reduce bias: Develop Perspective-Taking - Answers Sensitivity to the feelings,
thoughts and situations of others
Strategies to reduce bias: Practice Self-Awareness - Answers Awareness of your values, beliefs,
and prejudices
Take an implicit association test
Apply the Johari Window
Johari Window Model - Answers Model of self-awareness and mutual understanding
Four "windows"
Open area—information about you known to you and others
Blind area—information known to others but not to yourself
Hidden area—information known to you, unknown to others
Unknown area—not known to you or others
Increase open area through two processes:
Disclosure—tell others about yourself
