ADVS 1110 EXAM 4 STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Structure of the beef industry - ANSWER ✔ Seedstock → Cow/Calf →
Stocker/Yearling → Feedlot → Packers → Retailers
2. Seedstock producers - ANSWER ✔ Provide genetics for the industry
3. Commercial cow/calf producers - ANSWER ✔ Produce calves for the rest
of the industry
4. Stocker/yearling - ANSWER ✔ Add weight to weaned calves on forage
5. Feedlot - ANSWER ✔ High-grain diets finishing cattle to 1100-1500 lbs
6. Packer - ANSWER ✔ Harvest, fabricate carcasses into primal and subprimal
cuts
7. Diffuse beef industry - ANSWER ✔ Diverse, less integrated, less uniform
product
,8. Integrated livestock industries - ANSWER ✔ Swine/poultry are highly
efficient and coordinated
9. Pros of beef industry diversity - ANSWER ✔ Lower disease/wildfire risk,
year-round supply
10.Cons of beef industry diversity - ANSWER ✔ Less uniform product, slower
change, variable quality
11.Beef production trend - ANSWER ✔ Production rising due to heavier
carcass weights
12.he has how many kids - ANSWER ✔ 5
13.is whale cheese a real thing - ANSWER ✔ no
14.What are the four parts of the beef production sector? - ANSWER ✔
Seedstock, Cow/Calf, Stocker/Yearling, Feedlot
15.What are the two parts of the beef processing sector? - ANSWER ✔ Packers
and Retailers
16.Why is the beef industry considered 'diffuse and diverse'? - ANSWER ✔
Many small producers; not vertically integrated.
17.What is one pro and one con of beef being less integrated? - ANSWER ✔
Pro: flexibility; Con: slower adoption of tech/efficiency.
,18.Where are most beef cows located? - ANSWER ✔ Great Plains & Midwest
(Texas #1).
19.Who are the 'Big Four' meat packers? - ANSWER ✔ Tyson, Cargill, JBS,
National Beef.
20.What is the difference between Bos taurus and Bos indicus? - ANSWER ✔
Taurus = cool climates; Indicus = heat tolerant.
21.Can you name an example of British breeds? - ANSWER ✔ Angus,
Hereford, Shorthorn.
22.Can you name an example of Continental breeds? - ANSWER ✔ Charolais,
Limousin, Simmental.
23.Can you name an example of an Indicine breed? - ANSWER ✔ Brahman.
24.What is BCS used for? - ANSWER ✔ Evaluating fatness; predicts
reproductive success.
25.What is the gestation length of pigs? - ANSWER ✔ 114 days (3 mo, 3 wks,
3 days).
26.What is a boar? - ANSWER ✔ Intact male pig.
27.What is a barrow? - ANSWER ✔ Castrated male pig.
, 28.What is a sow? - ANSWER ✔ Female pig that has farrowed.
29.What is a gilt? - ANSWER ✔ Young female that hasn't farrowed.
30.When are gilts first bred? - ANSWER ✔ 7-8 months.
31.When is the first litter born? - ANSWER ✔ Around 1 year old.
32.What does it mean to farrow? - ANSWER ✔ To give birth.
33.What is the average litter size? - ANSWER ✔ 10-14.
34.Animal productivity is the direct result of two main components, they are: -
ANSWER ✔ Genetics and Environment
35.Heritability is the term used to describe different production levels in
animals that we can attribute to the environment, the rest of the difference
we attribute to genetics. - ANSWER ✔ False
36.In animals, sperm and ovum are referred to as gametes and are diploid cells
which is to say they have same genetic material as any other cell in the
animals body. - ANSWER ✔ False
37.A herd consist of 125 black cows. 35 are sired by red Bulls and thus are
heterozygous for hair color (Bb). No cows are red. what is the gene
frequency for the black gene(B)____________? Gene frequencies are
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. Structure of the beef industry - ANSWER ✔ Seedstock → Cow/Calf →
Stocker/Yearling → Feedlot → Packers → Retailers
2. Seedstock producers - ANSWER ✔ Provide genetics for the industry
3. Commercial cow/calf producers - ANSWER ✔ Produce calves for the rest
of the industry
4. Stocker/yearling - ANSWER ✔ Add weight to weaned calves on forage
5. Feedlot - ANSWER ✔ High-grain diets finishing cattle to 1100-1500 lbs
6. Packer - ANSWER ✔ Harvest, fabricate carcasses into primal and subprimal
cuts
7. Diffuse beef industry - ANSWER ✔ Diverse, less integrated, less uniform
product
,8. Integrated livestock industries - ANSWER ✔ Swine/poultry are highly
efficient and coordinated
9. Pros of beef industry diversity - ANSWER ✔ Lower disease/wildfire risk,
year-round supply
10.Cons of beef industry diversity - ANSWER ✔ Less uniform product, slower
change, variable quality
11.Beef production trend - ANSWER ✔ Production rising due to heavier
carcass weights
12.he has how many kids - ANSWER ✔ 5
13.is whale cheese a real thing - ANSWER ✔ no
14.What are the four parts of the beef production sector? - ANSWER ✔
Seedstock, Cow/Calf, Stocker/Yearling, Feedlot
15.What are the two parts of the beef processing sector? - ANSWER ✔ Packers
and Retailers
16.Why is the beef industry considered 'diffuse and diverse'? - ANSWER ✔
Many small producers; not vertically integrated.
17.What is one pro and one con of beef being less integrated? - ANSWER ✔
Pro: flexibility; Con: slower adoption of tech/efficiency.
,18.Where are most beef cows located? - ANSWER ✔ Great Plains & Midwest
(Texas #1).
19.Who are the 'Big Four' meat packers? - ANSWER ✔ Tyson, Cargill, JBS,
National Beef.
20.What is the difference between Bos taurus and Bos indicus? - ANSWER ✔
Taurus = cool climates; Indicus = heat tolerant.
21.Can you name an example of British breeds? - ANSWER ✔ Angus,
Hereford, Shorthorn.
22.Can you name an example of Continental breeds? - ANSWER ✔ Charolais,
Limousin, Simmental.
23.Can you name an example of an Indicine breed? - ANSWER ✔ Brahman.
24.What is BCS used for? - ANSWER ✔ Evaluating fatness; predicts
reproductive success.
25.What is the gestation length of pigs? - ANSWER ✔ 114 days (3 mo, 3 wks,
3 days).
26.What is a boar? - ANSWER ✔ Intact male pig.
27.What is a barrow? - ANSWER ✔ Castrated male pig.
, 28.What is a sow? - ANSWER ✔ Female pig that has farrowed.
29.What is a gilt? - ANSWER ✔ Young female that hasn't farrowed.
30.When are gilts first bred? - ANSWER ✔ 7-8 months.
31.When is the first litter born? - ANSWER ✔ Around 1 year old.
32.What does it mean to farrow? - ANSWER ✔ To give birth.
33.What is the average litter size? - ANSWER ✔ 10-14.
34.Animal productivity is the direct result of two main components, they are: -
ANSWER ✔ Genetics and Environment
35.Heritability is the term used to describe different production levels in
animals that we can attribute to the environment, the rest of the difference
we attribute to genetics. - ANSWER ✔ False
36.In animals, sperm and ovum are referred to as gametes and are diploid cells
which is to say they have same genetic material as any other cell in the
animals body. - ANSWER ✔ False
37.A herd consist of 125 black cows. 35 are sired by red Bulls and thus are
heterozygous for hair color (Bb). No cows are red. what is the gene
frequency for the black gene(B)____________? Gene frequencies are
