NUR 452
NUR 452 Final Exam Questions with
Verified Answers 2026
what is the goal and main focus of community-oriented nursing (public
health)
-preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health of individuals, families,
groups, populations, communities
-community/population health
community oriented nursing (public)
-healthcare to promote quality of life
-aka population health, population focused, population oriented
-Focused on nursing health promotion and disease prevention in the
community
-No direct care for individuals!
community based nursing
-Focus on illness care of individuals and families
-Manage acute and chronic illness in the community
-Family centered illness care
-Focused on illness care for individuals and families
community based nursing examples
home health nurse, school nurse
what are the public health core functions to thee health of a
community/population
assessment, policy development, assurance, surveillance, disease
assessment
1|Page
,NUR 452
-Monitor health status to identify community health problems
-Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the
community
policy development
-Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues
-Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
-Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health
efforts
assurance
-Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and assure safety
-Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of
health care when otherwise unavailable
-Assure a competent public health and personal healthcare workforce
-Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-
based health services
-Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems
upstream thinking
Determinants of public health are overarching factors that are largely outside
of the control of the individual and which have significant trickle-down
effects on other, more proximal determinants of public health
downstream
Determinants of public health can be seen as the outcomes of up and
midstream factors and variables. In some respects, downstream determinants
are more easily mitigated or prevents by the individual, such as a change in
eating habits or reducing risk of injury on the job
describe factors contributing to vulnerability
-Physical resources (poverty, social support)
-Environmental resources (hazardous work)
2|Page
,NUR 452
-Personal resources (human capital)
-Biopsychosocial resources (illness, genetic predisposition)
developed countries are more likely to die of
chronic diseases
developing countries are more likely to die of
infectious disease
UNICEF
-assist children in war-ravaged countries of Europe
-Role: control communicable diseases and remote healthy behaviors
World Bank
-lends money to lesser developed countries to improve their health status
-Related to UN
Health for All
Everyone should enjoy healthy life → Healthy people 2020
Millenium Development Goals
reduce poverty, achieve universal education, gender equality, reduce child
mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV/AIDS/TB, sustainable
environment, partnership for development
what are the three levels of public health practice
population based individual, population based community, population based
systems
population based individual
-Changes knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, practices, and behaviors of
individuals.
-Alone, part of a family, class or group
3|Page
, NUR 452
-Individuals receive services because they are identified as belonging to a
population-at-risk.
population based community
-Goal: Improve population health
-Aims to change community norms, community attitudes, community
awareness, community practices, and community behaviors.
population based systems
-Changes organizations, policies, laws, and power structures.
-Often a more effective and long-lasting way to impact health than addressing
individuals.
interventions
Surveillance, disease and health event investigation, outreach, screening,
referral and follow up, case management, delegated functions, health
teaching, counseling, consultation, collaboration, coalition building,
community organization, advocacy, social marketing, policy development
and enforcement
Consitutional Law
-Federal and State Constitutions
-Community over individual rights when threat to health of public
-compelling state interest, isolation necessary to protect the public,
reasonable manner
according to the constitutional law, what assessment finding would require
the CHN to intervene on behalf of the community?
Discovering that a client with TB isn't masking in public, despite Dr orders to
wear one
legislation and regulation
4|Page
NUR 452 Final Exam Questions with
Verified Answers 2026
what is the goal and main focus of community-oriented nursing (public
health)
-preserve, protect, promote, or maintain health of individuals, families,
groups, populations, communities
-community/population health
community oriented nursing (public)
-healthcare to promote quality of life
-aka population health, population focused, population oriented
-Focused on nursing health promotion and disease prevention in the
community
-No direct care for individuals!
community based nursing
-Focus on illness care of individuals and families
-Manage acute and chronic illness in the community
-Family centered illness care
-Focused on illness care for individuals and families
community based nursing examples
home health nurse, school nurse
what are the public health core functions to thee health of a
community/population
assessment, policy development, assurance, surveillance, disease
assessment
1|Page
,NUR 452
-Monitor health status to identify community health problems
-Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the
community
policy development
-Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues
-Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
-Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health
efforts
assurance
-Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and assure safety
-Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of
health care when otherwise unavailable
-Assure a competent public health and personal healthcare workforce
-Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-
based health services
-Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems
upstream thinking
Determinants of public health are overarching factors that are largely outside
of the control of the individual and which have significant trickle-down
effects on other, more proximal determinants of public health
downstream
Determinants of public health can be seen as the outcomes of up and
midstream factors and variables. In some respects, downstream determinants
are more easily mitigated or prevents by the individual, such as a change in
eating habits or reducing risk of injury on the job
describe factors contributing to vulnerability
-Physical resources (poverty, social support)
-Environmental resources (hazardous work)
2|Page
,NUR 452
-Personal resources (human capital)
-Biopsychosocial resources (illness, genetic predisposition)
developed countries are more likely to die of
chronic diseases
developing countries are more likely to die of
infectious disease
UNICEF
-assist children in war-ravaged countries of Europe
-Role: control communicable diseases and remote healthy behaviors
World Bank
-lends money to lesser developed countries to improve their health status
-Related to UN
Health for All
Everyone should enjoy healthy life → Healthy people 2020
Millenium Development Goals
reduce poverty, achieve universal education, gender equality, reduce child
mortality, improve maternal health, combat HIV/AIDS/TB, sustainable
environment, partnership for development
what are the three levels of public health practice
population based individual, population based community, population based
systems
population based individual
-Changes knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, practices, and behaviors of
individuals.
-Alone, part of a family, class or group
3|Page
, NUR 452
-Individuals receive services because they are identified as belonging to a
population-at-risk.
population based community
-Goal: Improve population health
-Aims to change community norms, community attitudes, community
awareness, community practices, and community behaviors.
population based systems
-Changes organizations, policies, laws, and power structures.
-Often a more effective and long-lasting way to impact health than addressing
individuals.
interventions
Surveillance, disease and health event investigation, outreach, screening,
referral and follow up, case management, delegated functions, health
teaching, counseling, consultation, collaboration, coalition building,
community organization, advocacy, social marketing, policy development
and enforcement
Consitutional Law
-Federal and State Constitutions
-Community over individual rights when threat to health of public
-compelling state interest, isolation necessary to protect the public,
reasonable manner
according to the constitutional law, what assessment finding would require
the CHN to intervene on behalf of the community?
Discovering that a client with TB isn't masking in public, despite Dr orders to
wear one
legislation and regulation
4|Page
