OCR A Level Geology H414/02 Scientific literacy in geology June 2025 Combined
QUESTION PAPER and MARK SCHEME
Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Monday 9 June 2025 – Afternoon
A Level Geology
H414/02 Scientific literacy in geology
*184 2 7 340 26 *
Time allowed: 2 hours 15 minutes
You can use:
• an HB pencil
• a protractor
• a ruler (cm/mm)
• a scientific or graphical calculator
Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes.
Centre number Candidate number
First name(s)
Last name
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink. You can use an HB pencil, but only for graphs and diagrams.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use
the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
• Answer all the questions.
• Where appropriate, your answer should be supported with working. Marks might be
given for using a correct method, even if your answer is wrong.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• This document has 24 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025 [603/0782/1] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (PQ/SW) 349748/6 Turn over
, 2
1
(a) The diagram shows some folded sedimentary rocks in a cliff face.
South North
Key
sandstone
shale
minor folds
slaty cleavage
0 50 100 cm
(i) Label the diagram to show:
• hinge line
• joints
• limb [3]
(ii) Name the type of force that formed this fold.
. ................................................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii) Draw arrows on the diagram of the cliff face to indicate the maximum stress directions. [1]
(iv) Describe the distribution of the slaty cleavage shown in the diagram and explain how this
structure formed.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [2]
© OCR 2025
, 3
(v) Explain why the minor folds are only found in the shale.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Draw lines to connect each term to the correct description of structures that are found in
deformed rocks.
Term Description
Boudinage Ductile flow when subjected to stress and strain
Buckling Striations resulting from friction
Plunge Cylinder or lens-like structures forming layers
Slickensides A fold that has an axis tilted from the horizontal
[4]
© OCR 2025 Turn over
, 4
(c) Stress and strain result in folding and faulting of rocks.
(i) Define the term strain.
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) The graph shows the behaviour of a metamorphic rock that has been subjected to stress and
strain.
stress
strain
Label the graph to show:
• elastic deformation
• elastic limit
• rupture or faulting [3]
(iii) This metamorphic rock was deformed at 350 °C.
Sketch a line on the graph to indicate the behaviour of the rock if it had been deformed at 600 °C.
[1]
(iv) Describe how confining pressure can affect the deformation of rocks.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [2]
© OCR 2025
QUESTION PAPER and MARK SCHEME
Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Monday 9 June 2025 – Afternoon
A Level Geology
H414/02 Scientific literacy in geology
*184 2 7 340 26 *
Time allowed: 2 hours 15 minutes
You can use:
• an HB pencil
• a protractor
• a ruler (cm/mm)
• a scientific or graphical calculator
Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes.
Centre number Candidate number
First name(s)
Last name
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink. You can use an HB pencil, but only for graphs and diagrams.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use
the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
• Answer all the questions.
• Where appropriate, your answer should be supported with working. Marks might be
given for using a correct method, even if your answer is wrong.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• This document has 24 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025 [603/0782/1] OCR is an exempt Charity
DC (PQ/SW) 349748/6 Turn over
, 2
1
(a) The diagram shows some folded sedimentary rocks in a cliff face.
South North
Key
sandstone
shale
minor folds
slaty cleavage
0 50 100 cm
(i) Label the diagram to show:
• hinge line
• joints
• limb [3]
(ii) Name the type of force that formed this fold.
. ................................................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii) Draw arrows on the diagram of the cliff face to indicate the maximum stress directions. [1]
(iv) Describe the distribution of the slaty cleavage shown in the diagram and explain how this
structure formed.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [2]
© OCR 2025
, 3
(v) Explain why the minor folds are only found in the shale.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Draw lines to connect each term to the correct description of structures that are found in
deformed rocks.
Term Description
Boudinage Ductile flow when subjected to stress and strain
Buckling Striations resulting from friction
Plunge Cylinder or lens-like structures forming layers
Slickensides A fold that has an axis tilted from the horizontal
[4]
© OCR 2025 Turn over
, 4
(c) Stress and strain result in folding and faulting of rocks.
(i) Define the term strain.
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [1]
(ii) The graph shows the behaviour of a metamorphic rock that has been subjected to stress and
strain.
stress
strain
Label the graph to show:
• elastic deformation
• elastic limit
• rupture or faulting [3]
(iii) This metamorphic rock was deformed at 350 °C.
Sketch a line on the graph to indicate the behaviour of the rock if it had been deformed at 600 °C.
[1]
(iv) Describe how confining pressure can affect the deformation of rocks.
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
. ................................................................................................................................................. [2]
© OCR 2025
