1 | Page
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is histology? - correct answer- The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - correct answer- A group of cells that act
together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - correct answer- Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - correct answer- Cover,
line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - correct answer-
Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
,2 | Page
What is neuroglia? - correct answer- The neurons and
connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - correct answer- Ability
to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - correct answer-
Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - correct answer- The cell division that takes
place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - correct answer-
Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - correct answer- The outermost
protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - correct answer- The underlying layer of
connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the
associated skin tissues.
,3 | Page
What are the layers of the epidermis? - correct answer-
Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? -
correct answer- Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - correct answer- Fibrous
connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory
nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - correct answer- ecrine
& apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - correct answer-
Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
, 4 | Page
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - correct answer-
Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - correct answer- They
secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the
skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - correct answer- Holocrine
secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? -
correct answer- Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - correct answer-
Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - correct answer- Bone,
cartilage, ligaments & joints.
HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is histology? - correct answer- The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - correct answer- A group of cells that act
together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - correct answer- Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - correct answer- Cover,
line, and protect the body and the internal organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - correct answer-
Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to
organs.
,2 | Page
What is neuroglia? - correct answer- The neurons and
connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - correct answer- Ability
to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - correct answer-
Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac)
What is meiosis? - correct answer- The cell division that takes
place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - correct answer-
Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - correct answer- The outermost
protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
What is the dermis? - correct answer- The underlying layer of
connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the
associated skin tissues.
,3 | Page
What are the layers of the epidermis? - correct answer-
Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? -
correct answer- Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - correct answer- Fibrous
connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory
nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - correct answer- ecrine
& apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - correct answer-
Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
, 4 | Page
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - correct answer-
Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting
bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - correct answer- They
secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the
skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - correct answer- Holocrine
secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? -
correct answer- Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - correct answer-
Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - correct answer- Bone,
cartilage, ligaments & joints.
