CCD EXAM (CERTIFIED CLINICAL DENSITOMETRIST) |
128 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2025/2026 UPDATE
| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
Age for women at which BMD testing is indicated without caveat Answer - 75
Four risk factors that are indicators for BMD testing in post-menopausal women
who are younger than 65, in women who are currently in the transition to
menopause, and in med who are younger than 70: Answer - 1) low body
weight
2) prior fracture
3) high risk medication use
4) disease/condition associated with bone loss
Age at which BMD testing is indicated for men: Answer - 70 and older.
What type of fracture is an indication for BMD testing in any adult? A fragility
fracture
Two generic indications for BMD testing: Answer - 1) Anyone being considered
for pharmacologic therapy.
2)Anyone not receiving therapy in whom evidence of bone loss would lead to
treatment.
,One obvious indication for BMD testing: Answer - Anyone being treated, to
monitor treatment effect.
A uniform Caucasian female normative database should be used as the
reference for which cohorts? Answer - 1) Women of ALL ethnic groups
2) Men of ALL ethnic groups
What reference standard should manufacturers use for femoral neck and total
hip T-scores? Answer - NHANES III data
What reference standard should manufacturers use for the lumbar spine T-
scores? Answer - The manufacturer's own database
Should local reference data be used to calculate T-scores? Answer - No.
Can local reference data be used to calculate Z-scores? Answer - Yes, if local
reference data is available.
What is the WHO international reference standard for diagnosing
osteoporosis? Answer - A T-score of -2.5 or less at the femoral neck, which is
calculated using the uniform female, white, age 20-29 years, NHANES III
database.
A T-score of -2.5 or less at any of which three sites earns the diagnosis of
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men aged 50 and older? Answer
- 1) Lumbar spine
2) Total hip
, 3) Femoral neck
(In certain circumstances, the 33% radius may be utilized.)
Can osteoporosis be diagnosed using the greater trochanter or Ward's area?
Answer - No
Skeletal sites to measure BMD in all patients: Answer - 1) PA spine
2)hip
Forearm BMD should be measured under which circumstances? Answer -
1)Hip and/or spine cannot be measured or interpreted.
2)Hyperparathyroidism
3)Very obese patients who are over the weight limit for DXA table
Which vertebrae are used to measure spine BMD? Answer - PA L1-L4
Which vertebrae should be excluded from evaluation? Answer - Those that are
affected by local structural change or artifact.
Those that are clearly abnormal and non-assessable within the resolution of
the system
128 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2025/2026 UPDATE
| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
Age for women at which BMD testing is indicated without caveat Answer - 75
Four risk factors that are indicators for BMD testing in post-menopausal women
who are younger than 65, in women who are currently in the transition to
menopause, and in med who are younger than 70: Answer - 1) low body
weight
2) prior fracture
3) high risk medication use
4) disease/condition associated with bone loss
Age at which BMD testing is indicated for men: Answer - 70 and older.
What type of fracture is an indication for BMD testing in any adult? A fragility
fracture
Two generic indications for BMD testing: Answer - 1) Anyone being considered
for pharmacologic therapy.
2)Anyone not receiving therapy in whom evidence of bone loss would lead to
treatment.
,One obvious indication for BMD testing: Answer - Anyone being treated, to
monitor treatment effect.
A uniform Caucasian female normative database should be used as the
reference for which cohorts? Answer - 1) Women of ALL ethnic groups
2) Men of ALL ethnic groups
What reference standard should manufacturers use for femoral neck and total
hip T-scores? Answer - NHANES III data
What reference standard should manufacturers use for the lumbar spine T-
scores? Answer - The manufacturer's own database
Should local reference data be used to calculate T-scores? Answer - No.
Can local reference data be used to calculate Z-scores? Answer - Yes, if local
reference data is available.
What is the WHO international reference standard for diagnosing
osteoporosis? Answer - A T-score of -2.5 or less at the femoral neck, which is
calculated using the uniform female, white, age 20-29 years, NHANES III
database.
A T-score of -2.5 or less at any of which three sites earns the diagnosis of
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men aged 50 and older? Answer
- 1) Lumbar spine
2) Total hip
, 3) Femoral neck
(In certain circumstances, the 33% radius may be utilized.)
Can osteoporosis be diagnosed using the greater trochanter or Ward's area?
Answer - No
Skeletal sites to measure BMD in all patients: Answer - 1) PA spine
2)hip
Forearm BMD should be measured under which circumstances? Answer -
1)Hip and/or spine cannot be measured or interpreted.
2)Hyperparathyroidism
3)Very obese patients who are over the weight limit for DXA table
Which vertebrae are used to measure spine BMD? Answer - PA L1-L4
Which vertebrae should be excluded from evaluation? Answer - Those that are
affected by local structural change or artifact.
Those that are clearly abnormal and non-assessable within the resolution of
the system
