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NURS 5315 UTA EXAM 1 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| ACE
YOUR GRADES.
Hypertonic hyponatremia - correct answer -mosm >295- from
solutes other than Na- osmotic pressure leads to fluid shift from
intracellular to extracellular
Hypotonic hyponatremia - correct answer -mosm <280 and urine
Na >100- fluid excess r/t intake or renal impairment
Insulin effect on K+ - correct answer -K+ enters cell with glucose
transport. Monitor Type II DM for hypokalemia
Acid base balance effect on K+ - correct answer -hydrogen enters
cell, allowing potassium to escape during acidosis, visa versa for
alkalosis
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Adrenergic agents effect on K+ - correct answer -albuterol, beta
blockers, and alpha adrenergic antagonists cause K+ movement
into the cell. Alpha adrenergic receptors shift K+ out of the cell
Osmolality effect on K+ - correct answer -hyperosmolality causes
water to shift out of cell via osmosis. K+ will also shift out, causing
hyperkalemia.
Cell lysis effect on K+ - correct answer -intracellular K+ is
released into bloodstream
Exercise effect on K+ - correct answer -cellular ATP is
diminished, opening K+ channels and allowing K+ to leave cell
Kidneys effect on K+ - correct answer -excretion and absorption
of K+ is regulated by tubule system
Calcium and phosphorus relationship - correct answer -inverse
relationship- if one increases= other one decreases, rehulated by
PTH, Vit D, calcitonin
, Page | 3
Magnesium and potassium - correct answer -mag inhibits the
potassium channels, keeping balance. When mag is low, more K+
exits the call, and is excreted via the kidneys.
Calcium and ionized calcium - correct answer -acidosis increases
ionized Ca+
Alkalosis decreases ionized Ca+ and may cause symptoms of
hypocalcemia
Calcium and albumin - correct answer -When blood levels of
albumin are low, serum calcium levels will also be low as there is
less protein available for binding
Metabolic acidosis - correct answer -E. Increased acid production,
loss of bicarb, diminished renal excretion of hydrogen
C.M hyperventilation (compensatory), h/a, n/v/d, dehydration,
hypotension
Ph <7.4 HCO3 <22
Metabolic alkalosis - correct answer -E. GI loss, diuretic use
NURS 5315 UTA EXAM 1 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| ACE
YOUR GRADES.
Hypertonic hyponatremia - correct answer -mosm >295- from
solutes other than Na- osmotic pressure leads to fluid shift from
intracellular to extracellular
Hypotonic hyponatremia - correct answer -mosm <280 and urine
Na >100- fluid excess r/t intake or renal impairment
Insulin effect on K+ - correct answer -K+ enters cell with glucose
transport. Monitor Type II DM for hypokalemia
Acid base balance effect on K+ - correct answer -hydrogen enters
cell, allowing potassium to escape during acidosis, visa versa for
alkalosis
, Page | 2
Adrenergic agents effect on K+ - correct answer -albuterol, beta
blockers, and alpha adrenergic antagonists cause K+ movement
into the cell. Alpha adrenergic receptors shift K+ out of the cell
Osmolality effect on K+ - correct answer -hyperosmolality causes
water to shift out of cell via osmosis. K+ will also shift out, causing
hyperkalemia.
Cell lysis effect on K+ - correct answer -intracellular K+ is
released into bloodstream
Exercise effect on K+ - correct answer -cellular ATP is
diminished, opening K+ channels and allowing K+ to leave cell
Kidneys effect on K+ - correct answer -excretion and absorption
of K+ is regulated by tubule system
Calcium and phosphorus relationship - correct answer -inverse
relationship- if one increases= other one decreases, rehulated by
PTH, Vit D, calcitonin
, Page | 3
Magnesium and potassium - correct answer -mag inhibits the
potassium channels, keeping balance. When mag is low, more K+
exits the call, and is excreted via the kidneys.
Calcium and ionized calcium - correct answer -acidosis increases
ionized Ca+
Alkalosis decreases ionized Ca+ and may cause symptoms of
hypocalcemia
Calcium and albumin - correct answer -When blood levels of
albumin are low, serum calcium levels will also be low as there is
less protein available for binding
Metabolic acidosis - correct answer -E. Increased acid production,
loss of bicarb, diminished renal excretion of hydrogen
C.M hyperventilation (compensatory), h/a, n/v/d, dehydration,
hypotension
Ph <7.4 HCO3 <22
Metabolic alkalosis - correct answer -E. GI loss, diuretic use
