BIOL 1107K Chapter 16 Questions and Answers Rated A
True or false? DNA is usually double-stranded, to the sugar's _________ carbon and the
whereas RNA is usually single-stranded. - phosphate group is attached to the sugar's
ANSWERS - True ______ carbon.
a. 1' . . . 2'
What are the three components of nucleotides? - b. 2' . . . 3'
ANSWERS - A pentose sugar c. 1' . . . 5'
A nitrogenous base d. 2' . . . 1'
A phosphate group e. 1' . . . 3' - ANSWERS - c. 1' . . . 5'
What is the difference between a deoxyribose Nucleic acids are assembled in the _________
sugar and a ribose sugar? - ANSWERS - direction.
Deoxyribose sugar has one less oxygen
molecule than ribose sugar., Deoxyribose has a. 2' to 3'
two oxygen atoms, while ribose has three. b. 5' to 3'
c. 1' to 5'
d. 5' to 1'
Which of these nitrogenous bases is found in e. 4' to 5' - ANSWERS - b. 5' to 3'
DNA but not in RNA?
a. adenine New nucleotides are added to the ______ end of
b. thymine a growing polynucleotide.
c. guanine
d. cytosine a. 5'
e. uracil - ANSWERS - b. thymine b. 1'
c. 2'
d. 3' - ANSWERS - d. 3'
Which two nitrogenous bases are purines? -
ANSWERS - Guanine (G)
Adenine (A) What is the role of DNA polymerase during DNA
synthesis?
Which three nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? a. DNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of
the template strand of DNA.
- ANSWERS - Cytosine (C)
b. DNA polymerase provides the free energy to
Thymine (T)
catalyze the endergonic addition of a nucleotide
Uracil (U)
onto the 3' end of a growing DNA strand.
c. DNA polymerase removes inorganic
phosphate from the template strand of DNA to
Purines are ___________-ring structures,
catalyze the polymerization reaction.
whereas pyrimidines are ___________-ring
d. DNA polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes
structures. - ANSWERS - double, single the addition of a nucleotide onto the 3' end of a
growing DNA strand. - ANSWERS - d. DNA
polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes the
In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached
addition of a nucleotide onto the 3' end of a
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, BIOL 1107K Chapter 16 Questions and Answers Rated A
growing DNA strand. DNA polymerase to function.
d. 5'-TACGAACC-3' - ANSWERS - d. 5'-
TACGAACC-3'
A hydroxyl is present at the 3' end of the growing
DNA strand. What is at the 5' end?
True or false? DNA polymerase will continue to
a. a ribose add nucleotides onto the growing strand as long
b. a phosphate group as it has nucleotides with the bases required to
c. a deoxyribose complement the template strand. If it is missing
d. a nitrogenous base - ANSWERS - b. a one kind of base, it will stop at that point on the
phosphate group strand. - ANSWERS - True
Addition of a nucleotide onto a DNA strand is an What materials does DNA polymerase require in
endergonic reaction. What provides the energy order to synthesize a complete strand of DNA?
to drive the reaction? Select all that apply.
a. Release of pyrophosphate from the incoming a. Single-stranded DNA template
nucleotide, and then hydrolysis of the b. 3'-OH end of the new DNA strand
pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate c. Inorganic phosphate
b. The dehydration reaction between the 5'- d. All four deoxyribonucleotides triphosphates
phosphate of the incoming nucleotide and the 3'- (containing A, C, T, or G)
OH of the growing strand of DNA e. ATP - ANSWERS - a., b., d.
c. Complementary bases on the template and the
incoming nucleotide are attracted to each other,
releasing free energy. In a DNA double helix an adenine of one strand
d. Binding of the pre-existing new strand, the always pairs with a(n) _____ of the
template strand, and the incoming nucleotide to complementary strand, and a guanine of one
the active site of the DNA polymerase - strand always pairs with a(n) _____ of the
ANSWERS - a. Release of pyrophosphate complementary strand.
from the incoming nucleotide, and then
hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate to inorganic a. uracil ... cytosine
phosphate b. cytosine ... thymine
c. guanine ... adenine
d. cytosine ... uracil
Given a template strand of 3'-ATGCTTGGACA-5' e. thymine ... cytosine - ANSWERS - e.
and a partially-made complementary strand thymine ... cytosine
containing only 5'-TAC-3', what would be the
sequence of the new strand of DNA (including
the 5'-TAC-3') if the only additional nucleotides Short segments of newly synthesized DNA are
available to DNA polymerase were those joined into a continuous strand by _____.
containing the bases G, A, and C?
a. single-strand binding protein
a. 3'-TACGAACCTGT-5' b. helicase
b. 5'-GAACC-3' c. ligase
c. 5'-TAC-3'; All four nucleotides are required for d. DNA polymerase
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True or false? DNA is usually double-stranded, to the sugar's _________ carbon and the
whereas RNA is usually single-stranded. - phosphate group is attached to the sugar's
ANSWERS - True ______ carbon.
a. 1' . . . 2'
What are the three components of nucleotides? - b. 2' . . . 3'
ANSWERS - A pentose sugar c. 1' . . . 5'
A nitrogenous base d. 2' . . . 1'
A phosphate group e. 1' . . . 3' - ANSWERS - c. 1' . . . 5'
What is the difference between a deoxyribose Nucleic acids are assembled in the _________
sugar and a ribose sugar? - ANSWERS - direction.
Deoxyribose sugar has one less oxygen
molecule than ribose sugar., Deoxyribose has a. 2' to 3'
two oxygen atoms, while ribose has three. b. 5' to 3'
c. 1' to 5'
d. 5' to 1'
Which of these nitrogenous bases is found in e. 4' to 5' - ANSWERS - b. 5' to 3'
DNA but not in RNA?
a. adenine New nucleotides are added to the ______ end of
b. thymine a growing polynucleotide.
c. guanine
d. cytosine a. 5'
e. uracil - ANSWERS - b. thymine b. 1'
c. 2'
d. 3' - ANSWERS - d. 3'
Which two nitrogenous bases are purines? -
ANSWERS - Guanine (G)
Adenine (A) What is the role of DNA polymerase during DNA
synthesis?
Which three nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? a. DNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of
the template strand of DNA.
- ANSWERS - Cytosine (C)
b. DNA polymerase provides the free energy to
Thymine (T)
catalyze the endergonic addition of a nucleotide
Uracil (U)
onto the 3' end of a growing DNA strand.
c. DNA polymerase removes inorganic
phosphate from the template strand of DNA to
Purines are ___________-ring structures,
catalyze the polymerization reaction.
whereas pyrimidines are ___________-ring
d. DNA polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes
structures. - ANSWERS - double, single the addition of a nucleotide onto the 3' end of a
growing DNA strand. - ANSWERS - d. DNA
polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes the
In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached
addition of a nucleotide onto the 3' end of a
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, BIOL 1107K Chapter 16 Questions and Answers Rated A
growing DNA strand. DNA polymerase to function.
d. 5'-TACGAACC-3' - ANSWERS - d. 5'-
TACGAACC-3'
A hydroxyl is present at the 3' end of the growing
DNA strand. What is at the 5' end?
True or false? DNA polymerase will continue to
a. a ribose add nucleotides onto the growing strand as long
b. a phosphate group as it has nucleotides with the bases required to
c. a deoxyribose complement the template strand. If it is missing
d. a nitrogenous base - ANSWERS - b. a one kind of base, it will stop at that point on the
phosphate group strand. - ANSWERS - True
Addition of a nucleotide onto a DNA strand is an What materials does DNA polymerase require in
endergonic reaction. What provides the energy order to synthesize a complete strand of DNA?
to drive the reaction? Select all that apply.
a. Release of pyrophosphate from the incoming a. Single-stranded DNA template
nucleotide, and then hydrolysis of the b. 3'-OH end of the new DNA strand
pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate c. Inorganic phosphate
b. The dehydration reaction between the 5'- d. All four deoxyribonucleotides triphosphates
phosphate of the incoming nucleotide and the 3'- (containing A, C, T, or G)
OH of the growing strand of DNA e. ATP - ANSWERS - a., b., d.
c. Complementary bases on the template and the
incoming nucleotide are attracted to each other,
releasing free energy. In a DNA double helix an adenine of one strand
d. Binding of the pre-existing new strand, the always pairs with a(n) _____ of the
template strand, and the incoming nucleotide to complementary strand, and a guanine of one
the active site of the DNA polymerase - strand always pairs with a(n) _____ of the
ANSWERS - a. Release of pyrophosphate complementary strand.
from the incoming nucleotide, and then
hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate to inorganic a. uracil ... cytosine
phosphate b. cytosine ... thymine
c. guanine ... adenine
d. cytosine ... uracil
Given a template strand of 3'-ATGCTTGGACA-5' e. thymine ... cytosine - ANSWERS - e.
and a partially-made complementary strand thymine ... cytosine
containing only 5'-TAC-3', what would be the
sequence of the new strand of DNA (including
the 5'-TAC-3') if the only additional nucleotides Short segments of newly synthesized DNA are
available to DNA polymerase were those joined into a continuous strand by _____.
containing the bases G, A, and C?
a. single-strand binding protein
a. 3'-TACGAACCTGT-5' b. helicase
b. 5'-GAACC-3' c. ligase
c. 5'-TAC-3'; All four nucleotides are required for d. DNA polymerase
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