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Ejercicios resueltos de química de soluciones.

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Ejercicios resueltos.

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Uploaded on
February 10, 2021
Number of pages
2
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Case
Professor(s)
Salvador pérez
Grade
10 (matrícula de hon

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1) Se tiene en el laboratorio soluciones de HCl que se deben mezclar para alcanzar concentraciones deseables para un
experimento. De la solución 1 se tienen 100mL 0.36M, de la solución 2 se tienen 450mL al 3.69% (ρ= 1.06 g/ml) y de
la solución 3, se tienen 120mL 0.29N.

Determine:

a) La concentración de la solución en términos de M, N y C.
b) La concentración de la solución en iones.
c) La cantidad de agua que se debe agregar para que la concentración disminuya a la mitad.
d) La cantidad de HCl (36.5% q.p) que se debe agregar para aumentar la concentración un 25% arriba de la
obtenida.

Solución propuesta:

MATERIAL DE ESTUDIO
V1 M1 + V2 M2 + V3 M3 = Vf Mf
Mf =
V1 M1 + V2 M2 + V3 M3
Vf
Vf = V1 + V2 + V3 = 100mL + 450mL + 120mL = 670mL
La única que se debe convertir es la 2:
wsol′n gsol′ n
ρsol′ n = = 1.06
Vsol′ n mLsol′n

g sol′ n
wsol′ n = ρsol′ n ∗ Vsol′ n = (450mL) ∗ (1.06 ) = 477 g sol′ n
mLsol′ n
Wsto
%Wsto = ∗ 100
Wsol′n
%Wsto ∗ Wsol′ n 3.69 ∗ 477 g sol′ n
Wsto = = = 17.6013 g HCl
100 100


Wsto 17.6013 g mol
M= = g = 1.0716
MM ∗ Vsol′n (36.5 ∗ 0.45L) L
mol


mol 1 eq HCl eq
N = 1.0716 ∗( ) = 1.0716
L 1 mol HCl L


mol mol mol
MASG
(0.1L) (0.36 ) + (0.45L) (1.0716 L ) + (0.12L) (0.29 L ) mol
Mf = L = 0.8254
0.67L L


eq eq eq
(0.1L) (0.36 (0.45L) (1.0716 ) + (0.12L) (0.29 )
Nf = L)+ L L = 0.8254 eq
0.67L L


mol 36.5 g g
Cf = 0.8254 ∗( ) = 30.1272
L 1 mol L
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