World Politics: War and Peace Wednesday, 24 October 2018
Global Borders and Migration
Videos on PowerPoint- 9/11
Al-Qaeda
o Founded in late 1980s as fundamentalist Sunni Islamist movement
Cares more about other Arab nations than the West-> Shia groups
o Both transnational and stateless: Networked
(Unlike IS, does not claim statehood)
o Both “Loyalists” and “Al-Qaeda Trained”
o Issues in claiming, and assigning, responsibility: multiple groups and
organisations
Devolution since Bin Laden’s Death
o Vast number of countries attacked, as well as war ships & navy vessels, oil
tankers, passenger aircraft
Countries affected more often non-western- i.e. Yemen, Philippines,
Saudi Arabia, Tunisia
Sectarian violence directly fuelled by activities
The War on Terror
Maintains the form of security, of the nation and of the state
o 9/11 etc. as an act of war vs a criminal act
o State?
o Does this disrupt due process?
Harbouring terrorists= terrorist state- constructivism
The actual “war” encompasses Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring
Freedom
o Has become a much wider term
Was not used under Obama: “Overseas Contingency Operation” used to describe
Iraq and Afghanistan
State is maintained as the key actor in war
Globalisation and Terror
Has developed a global reach, with greater destructive potential
o Development of information technologies
o Increased mobility across borders: challenge to borders?
Part of backlash against globalisation/Westernisation/Americanisation?
Its potentials, however, remain limited: WHY?
o Not making state-based power and identity claims
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant or Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
Sunni, jihadist unrecognised state
Began in Iraq’s insurgency, and has since entered the war in Syria where it has been
accused of ethnic cleansing
o Initially closely tied to Al-Qaeda, but ties were cut in Feb 2014 because of IS’s
“failure to consult”
New kind of terrorist organisation?
Huntington- Clash of Civilisations
Global Borders and Migration
Videos on PowerPoint- 9/11
Al-Qaeda
o Founded in late 1980s as fundamentalist Sunni Islamist movement
Cares more about other Arab nations than the West-> Shia groups
o Both transnational and stateless: Networked
(Unlike IS, does not claim statehood)
o Both “Loyalists” and “Al-Qaeda Trained”
o Issues in claiming, and assigning, responsibility: multiple groups and
organisations
Devolution since Bin Laden’s Death
o Vast number of countries attacked, as well as war ships & navy vessels, oil
tankers, passenger aircraft
Countries affected more often non-western- i.e. Yemen, Philippines,
Saudi Arabia, Tunisia
Sectarian violence directly fuelled by activities
The War on Terror
Maintains the form of security, of the nation and of the state
o 9/11 etc. as an act of war vs a criminal act
o State?
o Does this disrupt due process?
Harbouring terrorists= terrorist state- constructivism
The actual “war” encompasses Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring
Freedom
o Has become a much wider term
Was not used under Obama: “Overseas Contingency Operation” used to describe
Iraq and Afghanistan
State is maintained as the key actor in war
Globalisation and Terror
Has developed a global reach, with greater destructive potential
o Development of information technologies
o Increased mobility across borders: challenge to borders?
Part of backlash against globalisation/Westernisation/Americanisation?
Its potentials, however, remain limited: WHY?
o Not making state-based power and identity claims
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant or Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
Sunni, jihadist unrecognised state
Began in Iraq’s insurgency, and has since entered the war in Syria where it has been
accused of ethnic cleansing
o Initially closely tied to Al-Qaeda, but ties were cut in Feb 2014 because of IS’s
“failure to consult”
New kind of terrorist organisation?
Huntington- Clash of Civilisations
