CHEM-2025X07 – Organic Chemistry, Hydrocarbons,
Polymers, and Alcohols: Formulas, Reactions, and
Applications
Molecular formula for methane - CH4
Molecular formula for ethane - C2H6
Molecular formula for propane - C3H8
Molecular formula for butane - C4H10
Molecular formula for pentane - C5H12
General formula for alkanes - CnH2n+2
Structural formula for methane - CH4
Structural formula for ethane - CH3 CH3
Structural formula for propane - CH3 CH2 CH3
Structural formula for butane - CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3
Structural formula for pentane - CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
Displayed formula for methane -
Displayed formula for ethane -
Displayed formula for propane -
, Displayed formula for butane -
Displayed formula for pentane -
What type of bonds are there between alkanes? - Covalent bonds
During combustion of hydrocarbons what is produced? - Energy (when there is lots of
oxygen)
What is the equation for incomplete combustion and complete combustion of hydrocarbons? -
If there is a limited supply of oxygen during combustion of hydrocarbons what is produced? -
Carbon monoxide or carbon
How is carbon monoxide dangerous? - It is poisonous and combines with the haemoglobin in
the blood, preventing the blood form carrying oxygen around the body.
What happens when bromine water is added to an alkene? - Changes colour from brown to
colourless. It starts with a double bond but the bromine water removes it making it have only
a single bond.
What happens when bromine water is added to an alkane? - No colour change is
seen.
What happens if the reactants are put under a bright UV light? - Orange-yellow colour goes
to colourless.
What is the substitution reaction? - Reactants put under a bright light with bromine
water.
Polymers, and Alcohols: Formulas, Reactions, and
Applications
Molecular formula for methane - CH4
Molecular formula for ethane - C2H6
Molecular formula for propane - C3H8
Molecular formula for butane - C4H10
Molecular formula for pentane - C5H12
General formula for alkanes - CnH2n+2
Structural formula for methane - CH4
Structural formula for ethane - CH3 CH3
Structural formula for propane - CH3 CH2 CH3
Structural formula for butane - CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3
Structural formula for pentane - CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
Displayed formula for methane -
Displayed formula for ethane -
Displayed formula for propane -
, Displayed formula for butane -
Displayed formula for pentane -
What type of bonds are there between alkanes? - Covalent bonds
During combustion of hydrocarbons what is produced? - Energy (when there is lots of
oxygen)
What is the equation for incomplete combustion and complete combustion of hydrocarbons? -
If there is a limited supply of oxygen during combustion of hydrocarbons what is produced? -
Carbon monoxide or carbon
How is carbon monoxide dangerous? - It is poisonous and combines with the haemoglobin in
the blood, preventing the blood form carrying oxygen around the body.
What happens when bromine water is added to an alkene? - Changes colour from brown to
colourless. It starts with a double bond but the bromine water removes it making it have only
a single bond.
What happens when bromine water is added to an alkane? - No colour change is
seen.
What happens if the reactants are put under a bright UV light? - Orange-yellow colour goes
to colourless.
What is the substitution reaction? - Reactants put under a bright light with bromine
water.
