GEO-2025X03 – Population, Migration, Settlement,
Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Rivers, Climate, and Economic
Geography
What is overpopulation? - When a country does not have the resources to give all its people
an adequate standard of living
To tell if a place is over populated you can see by emigration (people moving)
Why do equatorial climates have low temperatures? - Difference between highest and lowest
is small; They are located on or close to Equator/at low latitudes; Sun is overhead/at high
angle all year/direct exposure to the sun; Typical daily weather is similar throughout the
year
Why do people chose to live next to a volcano? - Tourism/employment
Geothermal power
Fertile soils
Friends and family already live there
Religious beliefs
People are unaware
Why do equatorial climates have high rainfall? - heating by sun/high temperatures/direct
sunlight;
high humidity/it is humid;
,evaporation/transpiration/;
ascending air/convection;
cooling; condensation;
cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds form;
saturation/air mass cannot hold any more water;
What is underpopulation? - Describes an area where the population is well below that which
can be supported by its natural resources.
Benefits of increasing population - More customers buy locally made goods
Manufacturing large quantities can be made cheaply
Cheaper goods easier to sell abroad extra money for country
More jobs less unemployment enables better standard of living
Increasing population pyramid - Wide on the bottom and narrow at the top. Families are
having more than 2 kids per family on average
increasing population equation - more people - more workers - increased output - more to sell
- greater wealth
What is the population explosion - The dramatic rise in world population which took place
during the last 2 centuries
4 main reasons for the population explosion - Economic (children needed to work)
Care of the elderly (children needed to take care of elderly)
Infant mortality (Large family provides security at old age)
, Life expectancy (improved medical knowledge and less older people dying)
What is infant mortality rate? - The proportion of children dying at birth or before their first
birthday
Why has the population explosion slowed down? - Birth control (people can chose how many
children they want to have)
Lower fertility rate (parents know that most of their children will service)
Career decisions (more women take career than children)
higher cost of living
National population control (low amount of children)
What is fertility rate? - the number of children born to a woman during her lifetime
What is death rate? - The average number of deaths in a year for 1000 people
What is birth rate? - The average number of live births in a year for 1000 people
Reasons for increased population per country - birth rate
death rate
international migration
Main causes of death - diseases and infections
natural hazards eg earthquakes
human conflict
Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Rivers, Climate, and Economic
Geography
What is overpopulation? - When a country does not have the resources to give all its people
an adequate standard of living
To tell if a place is over populated you can see by emigration (people moving)
Why do equatorial climates have low temperatures? - Difference between highest and lowest
is small; They are located on or close to Equator/at low latitudes; Sun is overhead/at high
angle all year/direct exposure to the sun; Typical daily weather is similar throughout the
year
Why do people chose to live next to a volcano? - Tourism/employment
Geothermal power
Fertile soils
Friends and family already live there
Religious beliefs
People are unaware
Why do equatorial climates have high rainfall? - heating by sun/high temperatures/direct
sunlight;
high humidity/it is humid;
,evaporation/transpiration/;
ascending air/convection;
cooling; condensation;
cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds form;
saturation/air mass cannot hold any more water;
What is underpopulation? - Describes an area where the population is well below that which
can be supported by its natural resources.
Benefits of increasing population - More customers buy locally made goods
Manufacturing large quantities can be made cheaply
Cheaper goods easier to sell abroad extra money for country
More jobs less unemployment enables better standard of living
Increasing population pyramid - Wide on the bottom and narrow at the top. Families are
having more than 2 kids per family on average
increasing population equation - more people - more workers - increased output - more to sell
- greater wealth
What is the population explosion - The dramatic rise in world population which took place
during the last 2 centuries
4 main reasons for the population explosion - Economic (children needed to work)
Care of the elderly (children needed to take care of elderly)
Infant mortality (Large family provides security at old age)
, Life expectancy (improved medical knowledge and less older people dying)
What is infant mortality rate? - The proportion of children dying at birth or before their first
birthday
Why has the population explosion slowed down? - Birth control (people can chose how many
children they want to have)
Lower fertility rate (parents know that most of their children will service)
Career decisions (more women take career than children)
higher cost of living
National population control (low amount of children)
What is fertility rate? - the number of children born to a woman during her lifetime
What is death rate? - The average number of deaths in a year for 1000 people
What is birth rate? - The average number of live births in a year for 1000 people
Reasons for increased population per country - birth rate
death rate
international migration
Main causes of death - diseases and infections
natural hazards eg earthquakes
human conflict
