PSYC 365 Final Exam Questions with Answers verified
100% Correct
What does the ABC model emphasize in CBT?
That distress can be reduced by changing beliefs (B), not just activating events (A) or
consequences (C)
How does CBT view changing thoughts?
Clients can learn to think more adaptively and rationally to reduce distress
What is the difference between positive thinking and rational thinking in CBT?
Positive thinking: Overlooks some facts to maintain positivity
Rational thinking: Objective, includes both positive and negative information
Why are constructive negative emotions important?
They can motivate action and help with problem-solving
What is unconditional self-acceptance?
Viewing oneself as inherently worthy despite flaws, mistakes, and limitations
What are examples of destructive negative emotions related to mood?
Depression, hopelessness, helplessness, despair, misery, woe
What are examples of constructive negative emotions related to mood?
Sadness, grief, sorrow, unhappiness, disappointment
,What are destructive emotions related to self-evaluation?
Guilt, shame, remorse
What are constructive self-evaluative emotions?
Contrition, regret, disappointment
What are destructive anxiety-related emotions?
Anxiety and worry
What is the constructive counterpart to anxiety and worry?
Concern or appropriate short-term fear
What are destructive anger-related emotions?
Anger and frustration
What are constructive anger-related emotions?
Irritation, annoyance, disappointment
What do some psychologists consider "thinking" to be?
A form of behavior—specifically, mental behavior
What does "mental behavior" include?
Beliefs, interpretations, judgments, attributions, expectations, and self-talk
How does mental behavior influence overt behavior?
,It shapes emotions, actions, and interpersonal interactions
Why are mental and outward behaviors considered interdependent?
Because each affects the other; they operate together in influencing functioning
According to the explanation, are mental and outward behaviors different forms of behavior?
No—because their interdependence means they cannot be separated into distinct forms
What types of issues does CBT primarily address?
Maladaptive cognitive and emotional responses to undesirable circumstances
What characteristics make a negative emotion a target problem in CBT?
High frequency, intensity, and duration
Why are CBT target problems important to address?
Because they:
- Cause psychological suffering
- Interfere with daily functioning
What role does self-monitoring play in CBT?
Clients track their negative emotions to identify patterns and guide treatment
In CBT, what does the ABC model stand for?
A = Activating event
B = Belief about the event
, C = Consequence (emotional/behavioral response)
How does changing beliefs (B) affect emotions and behaviors?
Modifying irrational or maladaptive thoughts can improve feelings and behaviors
How do clinicians explain the ABC model to clients?
Using simple language, visual aids, and concrete examples—especially for younger clients
Why is the ABC model central in CBT?
It provides a clear framework showing how thoughts influence emotions and actions, guiding
treatment interventions
In CBT formulation, what do clinicians often begin with when assessing A, B, and C?
They often begin with C (Consequences), using open-ended questions to explore emotional and
behavioral responses
What aspects of consequences (C) are assessed in CBT?
Frequency, intensity, and duration of consequences are assessed, often using self-monitoring
forms
How are activating events (A) typically assessed in CBT?
Through self-monitoring strategies, where clients track situations that trigger emotional or
behavioral responses
What is all-or-nothing thinking? (Table 12.3)
100% Correct
What does the ABC model emphasize in CBT?
That distress can be reduced by changing beliefs (B), not just activating events (A) or
consequences (C)
How does CBT view changing thoughts?
Clients can learn to think more adaptively and rationally to reduce distress
What is the difference between positive thinking and rational thinking in CBT?
Positive thinking: Overlooks some facts to maintain positivity
Rational thinking: Objective, includes both positive and negative information
Why are constructive negative emotions important?
They can motivate action and help with problem-solving
What is unconditional self-acceptance?
Viewing oneself as inherently worthy despite flaws, mistakes, and limitations
What are examples of destructive negative emotions related to mood?
Depression, hopelessness, helplessness, despair, misery, woe
What are examples of constructive negative emotions related to mood?
Sadness, grief, sorrow, unhappiness, disappointment
,What are destructive emotions related to self-evaluation?
Guilt, shame, remorse
What are constructive self-evaluative emotions?
Contrition, regret, disappointment
What are destructive anxiety-related emotions?
Anxiety and worry
What is the constructive counterpart to anxiety and worry?
Concern or appropriate short-term fear
What are destructive anger-related emotions?
Anger and frustration
What are constructive anger-related emotions?
Irritation, annoyance, disappointment
What do some psychologists consider "thinking" to be?
A form of behavior—specifically, mental behavior
What does "mental behavior" include?
Beliefs, interpretations, judgments, attributions, expectations, and self-talk
How does mental behavior influence overt behavior?
,It shapes emotions, actions, and interpersonal interactions
Why are mental and outward behaviors considered interdependent?
Because each affects the other; they operate together in influencing functioning
According to the explanation, are mental and outward behaviors different forms of behavior?
No—because their interdependence means they cannot be separated into distinct forms
What types of issues does CBT primarily address?
Maladaptive cognitive and emotional responses to undesirable circumstances
What characteristics make a negative emotion a target problem in CBT?
High frequency, intensity, and duration
Why are CBT target problems important to address?
Because they:
- Cause psychological suffering
- Interfere with daily functioning
What role does self-monitoring play in CBT?
Clients track their negative emotions to identify patterns and guide treatment
In CBT, what does the ABC model stand for?
A = Activating event
B = Belief about the event
, C = Consequence (emotional/behavioral response)
How does changing beliefs (B) affect emotions and behaviors?
Modifying irrational or maladaptive thoughts can improve feelings and behaviors
How do clinicians explain the ABC model to clients?
Using simple language, visual aids, and concrete examples—especially for younger clients
Why is the ABC model central in CBT?
It provides a clear framework showing how thoughts influence emotions and actions, guiding
treatment interventions
In CBT formulation, what do clinicians often begin with when assessing A, B, and C?
They often begin with C (Consequences), using open-ended questions to explore emotional and
behavioral responses
What aspects of consequences (C) are assessed in CBT?
Frequency, intensity, and duration of consequences are assessed, often using self-monitoring
forms
How are activating events (A) typically assessed in CBT?
Through self-monitoring strategies, where clients track situations that trigger emotional or
behavioral responses
What is all-or-nothing thinking? (Table 12.3)
