Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 6501
Walden University EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION GUIDE (A+ GRADED
100% VERIFIED) LATEST VERSION 2025!!
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will
facilitate his continued muscle performance? - Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? - Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of
the following? - Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking
for? - Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of
the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? - Answer:
Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol? - Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte,
which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
,When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is
caused by an _____ gene - Answer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? - Answer: By
adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: - Answer:
Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: - Answer: Reduced
protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases? -
Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result
from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a
short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair.
- Answer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the
genetic information be contained? - Answer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse
describing? - Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
, A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with: - Answer: Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best response?
- Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? - Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue
growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which
finding will support this diagnosis? - Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4
dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: - Answer: Decreased
ATP production
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic
pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: - Answer: Plasma proteins
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport? - Answer: Symport
A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has
92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition? -
Answer: Tetraploidy
Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells? - Answer: Because the resting
plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium
Walden University EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION GUIDE (A+ GRADED
100% VERIFIED) LATEST VERSION 2025!!
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will
facilitate his continued muscle performance? - Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? - Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing the
membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal which of
the following? - Answer: XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse looking
for? - Answer: The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees of
the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? - Answer:
Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol? - Answer: Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the erythrocyte,
which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
,When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic fibrosis is
caused by an _____ gene - Answer: Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? - Answer: By
adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: - Answer:
Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: - Answer: Reduced
protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases? -
Answer: It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to result
from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a
short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair.
- Answer: Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the
genetic information be contained? - Answer: Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the nurse
describing? - Answer: Maternal nondisjunction
, A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with: - Answer: Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best response?
- Answer: Pregnancy in women over age 35
What is the role of cytokines in cell reproduction? - Answer: Provide growth factor for tissue
growth and development
A newborn male is diagnosed with albinism based on skin, eye, and hair appearance. Which
finding will support this diagnosis? - Answer: Inability to convert tyrosine to DOPA (3,4
dihydroxyphenylalanine)
Sodium and water accumulation in an injured cell are a direct result of: - Answer: Decreased
ATP production
A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic
pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by: - Answer: Plasma proteins
The ion transporter that moves Na + and Ca 2+ simultaneously in the same direction is an
example of which of the following types of transport? - Answer: Symport
A 20-year-old pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy reveals that the fetus has
92 chromosomes. What term may be on the autopsy report to describe this condition? -
Answer: Tetraploidy
Why is potassium able to diffuse easily in and out of cells? - Answer: Because the resting
plasma membrane is more permeable to potassium
