RNSG 2539 EXAM 2 (Gas Exchange) Questions
With Correct Answers
Causes of metabolic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Ketoacidosis
| | | | | |
Lactic Acidosis
|
Renal Failure
|
Diarrhea
Causes of metabolic alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Vomiting
| | | | | |
NG suctioning
|
Diuretic therapy |
Severe Hypokalemia
|
Alkali administration
|
Steroid therapy |
SaO2 normal range - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-95-100%
| | | | |
PaO2 normal range - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-80-100
| | | | | |
65-75 if 1 mile above sea level
| | | | | |
,Complications that may arise from prolonged O2 toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
Severe pulmonary edema
| | |
Shunting of blood | | |
Hypoxemia
*O2 administered above 60% or for more than 24 hours should be considered
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
toxic* |
*O2 delivered at below 40% is generally nontoxic*
| | | | | | |
Definition of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-O2 sat
| | | | | | | | | |
<60% despite receiving O2 supplement of 60% or >
| | | | | | | |
Definition of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-PCO2
| | | | | | | | |
greater than 45% with acidemia
| | | |
Classic sign of diffusion limitation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Hypoxemia present
| | | | | | | | |
during excercise but not at rest
| | | | |
Normal FiO2 range - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Between 21 and 100%
| | | | | | | |
ARDS P/F Ratios - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Mild: >200 to ≤300
| | | | | | | | |
Moderate: 100 to ≤200 | | | |
, Severe: <100 |
Phase 1 of ARDS (Injury or Exudative) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-*Occurs approx 1-
| | | | | | | | | | |
7 days post initial injury*
| | | |
- Intersitial edema
| |
- Surfactant dysfunction (leads to atelectasis)
| | | | | |
- Hypoxemia
|
- *refractory hypoxemia* (unresponsive to increased O2)
| | | | | | |
- Respiratory alkalosis
| |
- Initially increased CO (later decreased CO)
| | | | | |
*Treatment*
- pressure controlled ventillation
| | |
Phase 2 of ARDS (reparative and proliferative) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-*Begins 1-
| | | | | | | | | |
2 weeks after initial injury*
| | | |
- increase in white blood cells
| | | | |
- Increased vascular resistance
| | | |
- Pulmonary HTN
| |
- Hypoxemia worsens
| |
*complete when diseased lung is characterized by dense, fibrous tissue*
| | | | | | | | |
- If persists, widespread fibrosis
| | | |
With Correct Answers
Causes of metabolic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Ketoacidosis
| | | | | |
Lactic Acidosis
|
Renal Failure
|
Diarrhea
Causes of metabolic alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Vomiting
| | | | | |
NG suctioning
|
Diuretic therapy |
Severe Hypokalemia
|
Alkali administration
|
Steroid therapy |
SaO2 normal range - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-95-100%
| | | | |
PaO2 normal range - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-80-100
| | | | | |
65-75 if 1 mile above sea level
| | | | | |
,Complications that may arise from prolonged O2 toxicity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | | |
Severe pulmonary edema
| | |
Shunting of blood | | |
Hypoxemia
*O2 administered above 60% or for more than 24 hours should be considered
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
toxic* |
*O2 delivered at below 40% is generally nontoxic*
| | | | | | |
Definition of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-O2 sat
| | | | | | | | | |
<60% despite receiving O2 supplement of 60% or >
| | | | | | | |
Definition of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-PCO2
| | | | | | | | |
greater than 45% with acidemia
| | | |
Classic sign of diffusion limitation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Hypoxemia present
| | | | | | | | |
during excercise but not at rest
| | | | |
Normal FiO2 range - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Between 21 and 100%
| | | | | | | |
ARDS P/F Ratios - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Mild: >200 to ≤300
| | | | | | | | |
Moderate: 100 to ≤200 | | | |
, Severe: <100 |
Phase 1 of ARDS (Injury or Exudative) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-*Occurs approx 1-
| | | | | | | | | | |
7 days post initial injury*
| | | |
- Intersitial edema
| |
- Surfactant dysfunction (leads to atelectasis)
| | | | | |
- Hypoxemia
|
- *refractory hypoxemia* (unresponsive to increased O2)
| | | | | | |
- Respiratory alkalosis
| |
- Initially increased CO (later decreased CO)
| | | | | |
*Treatment*
- pressure controlled ventillation
| | |
Phase 2 of ARDS (reparative and proliferative) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-*Begins 1-
| | | | | | | | | |
2 weeks after initial injury*
| | | |
- increase in white blood cells
| | | | |
- Increased vascular resistance
| | | |
- Pulmonary HTN
| |
- Hypoxemia worsens
| |
*complete when diseased lung is characterized by dense, fibrous tissue*
| | | | | | | | |
- If persists, widespread fibrosis
| | | |
