PATHO MIDTERM CHAMBERLAIN
NR507 EXAM QUESTIONS &
DETAILED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
PASSED ALREADY GRADED A+
Housekeeping genes are vital to the function and maintenance of all the body's cells. What
characteristic is associated with these genes? - correct answer ✔✔D. They are transcriptionally
active.
Mutations in the encoding of histones modifying proteins have been shown to influence the
development of what congenial condition - correct answer ✔✔Heart disease
Signals to change or modify epigenetic tags are ... from where? - correct answer ✔✔Signals
come from inside the cell, from neighboring cells or the environment
During which stage of human development does the role of epigenetics have the greatest
impact on the development of epigenetic abnormalities - correct answer ✔✔A. In utero
The difference between DNA sequence mutations and epigenetic modifications is? - correct
answer ✔✔Epigenetic modifications are REVERSIBLE
Explain the characteristics of totipotent stem cells and the sources of it - correct answer
✔✔Totipotent cells are cells that can mature into any type of body cell in an organism including
the cells that make up the placenta in mammals. Totipotent cells are only present in mammals
in the first few cell divisions of an embryo.
Give 2 examples of totipotent cells - correct answer ✔✔A zygote
,Cells in the early embyro up to 5 days
What is a Totipotent cell? - correct answer ✔✔Totipotent cells are cells that can differentiate
into any type of body cell and extra embryonic tissue
What are the characteristics of Prader-Willi syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔1. Chronic feeling of
hunger (severe, even life-threatening obesity)
2. Low muscle tone
3. Short
4. Poor sex characteristic development
5. Behavioral problems
6. Poor cognitive development
Angelman syndrome is sometimes called "happy puppet syndrome." What are the signs of this
disorder? - correct answer ✔✔1. Severe mental retardation
2. No speech
3. Abnormal gait
4. Wide stance
5. Arms held out kinda weird
What is the most common genetic cause of Prader-Willi syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔A
deletion of a segment of PATERNAL chromosome 15q. The maternal counterpart is methylated
via genomic imprinting.
What is the most common genetic cause of Angelman syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔A
deletion of a segment of MATERNAL chromosome 15q. The paternal counterpart is methylated
via genomic imprinting.
,A child with Prader-Willi syndrome has been hospitalized. Which assessment findings does the
nurse expect with this syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized
by insatiable hunger that can lead to morbid obesity in childhood. Abnormal, puppetlike gait,
paroxysms of inappropriate laughter, and nonverbal are characteristics seen in Angelman
syndrome.
The nurse is examining an 8-year-old boy with chromosomal abnormalities. Which sign or
symptom suggests the boy has Angelman syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔Observation shows
jerky ataxic movement
Angelman syndrome is characterized by jerky ataxic movements, similar to a puppet's gait.
Hypotonicity is a symptom of Angelman syndrome as well as Prader Willi syndrome, and Cri-du-
chat. Cleft palate is a symptom of velo-cardio-facial/DiGeorge syndrome
What is the role of inactive MLH1 in the development of some forms of inherited colon cancer?
- correct answer ✔✔DNA Damage is left unrepaired
When considering abnormal epigenetic modifications, what factor is currently being viewed as
strongly associated with the development of some cancers? - correct answer ✔✔Environmental
Stressors
42. The most common cause of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia is: - correct answer
✔✔Hemolytic disorders in the newborn are the most common cause of pathologic jaundice.
Which infant is most likely to express Rh incompatibility? - correct answer ✔✔Infant of an Rh-
negative mother and a father who is Rh positive and homozygous for the Rh factor
Rh-positive offspring of an Rh-negative mother are at risk for Rh incompatibility
Rh hemolytic disease is suspected in a mother's second baby, a son. Which factor is important in
understanding how this could develop? - correct answer ✔✔The first child was Rh positive
, The nurse is caring for an infant with hemolytic disease. Which medication should the nurse
anticipate to be prescribed to decrease the bilirubin level? - correct answer ✔✔Phenobarbital
Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn? -
correct answer ✔✔mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive
The nurse is caring for a newborn with hemolytic disease of the newborn who is receiving
phototherapy. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most appropriate for the
nurse to do? - correct answer ✔✔The nurse turns the newborn every 3 or 4 hours
A patient diagnosed with acute primary HIV infection is in the clinic. What treatment should be
initiated for this patient? - correct answer ✔✔Combination antiretroviral therapy
Didanosine therapy once daily
Zidovudine therapy once daily
Monotherapy protease inhibitor therapy
A patient has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A nurse realizes the HIV will attack: - correct
answer ✔✔C) helper T cells.
The nursing instructor is discussing the development of human immunodeficiency disease (HIV)
with the students. What should the instructor inform the class about helper T cells? - correct
answer ✔✔Fighting infection *
A patient has DiGeorge syndrome. Which assessment findings should the nurse monitor for in
this patient? - correct answer ✔✔Low calcium levels and tetany
NR507 EXAM QUESTIONS &
DETAILED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
PASSED ALREADY GRADED A+
Housekeeping genes are vital to the function and maintenance of all the body's cells. What
characteristic is associated with these genes? - correct answer ✔✔D. They are transcriptionally
active.
Mutations in the encoding of histones modifying proteins have been shown to influence the
development of what congenial condition - correct answer ✔✔Heart disease
Signals to change or modify epigenetic tags are ... from where? - correct answer ✔✔Signals
come from inside the cell, from neighboring cells or the environment
During which stage of human development does the role of epigenetics have the greatest
impact on the development of epigenetic abnormalities - correct answer ✔✔A. In utero
The difference between DNA sequence mutations and epigenetic modifications is? - correct
answer ✔✔Epigenetic modifications are REVERSIBLE
Explain the characteristics of totipotent stem cells and the sources of it - correct answer
✔✔Totipotent cells are cells that can mature into any type of body cell in an organism including
the cells that make up the placenta in mammals. Totipotent cells are only present in mammals
in the first few cell divisions of an embryo.
Give 2 examples of totipotent cells - correct answer ✔✔A zygote
,Cells in the early embyro up to 5 days
What is a Totipotent cell? - correct answer ✔✔Totipotent cells are cells that can differentiate
into any type of body cell and extra embryonic tissue
What are the characteristics of Prader-Willi syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔1. Chronic feeling of
hunger (severe, even life-threatening obesity)
2. Low muscle tone
3. Short
4. Poor sex characteristic development
5. Behavioral problems
6. Poor cognitive development
Angelman syndrome is sometimes called "happy puppet syndrome." What are the signs of this
disorder? - correct answer ✔✔1. Severe mental retardation
2. No speech
3. Abnormal gait
4. Wide stance
5. Arms held out kinda weird
What is the most common genetic cause of Prader-Willi syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔A
deletion of a segment of PATERNAL chromosome 15q. The maternal counterpart is methylated
via genomic imprinting.
What is the most common genetic cause of Angelman syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔A
deletion of a segment of MATERNAL chromosome 15q. The paternal counterpart is methylated
via genomic imprinting.
,A child with Prader-Willi syndrome has been hospitalized. Which assessment findings does the
nurse expect with this syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized
by insatiable hunger that can lead to morbid obesity in childhood. Abnormal, puppetlike gait,
paroxysms of inappropriate laughter, and nonverbal are characteristics seen in Angelman
syndrome.
The nurse is examining an 8-year-old boy with chromosomal abnormalities. Which sign or
symptom suggests the boy has Angelman syndrome? - correct answer ✔✔Observation shows
jerky ataxic movement
Angelman syndrome is characterized by jerky ataxic movements, similar to a puppet's gait.
Hypotonicity is a symptom of Angelman syndrome as well as Prader Willi syndrome, and Cri-du-
chat. Cleft palate is a symptom of velo-cardio-facial/DiGeorge syndrome
What is the role of inactive MLH1 in the development of some forms of inherited colon cancer?
- correct answer ✔✔DNA Damage is left unrepaired
When considering abnormal epigenetic modifications, what factor is currently being viewed as
strongly associated with the development of some cancers? - correct answer ✔✔Environmental
Stressors
42. The most common cause of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia is: - correct answer
✔✔Hemolytic disorders in the newborn are the most common cause of pathologic jaundice.
Which infant is most likely to express Rh incompatibility? - correct answer ✔✔Infant of an Rh-
negative mother and a father who is Rh positive and homozygous for the Rh factor
Rh-positive offspring of an Rh-negative mother are at risk for Rh incompatibility
Rh hemolytic disease is suspected in a mother's second baby, a son. Which factor is important in
understanding how this could develop? - correct answer ✔✔The first child was Rh positive
, The nurse is caring for an infant with hemolytic disease. Which medication should the nurse
anticipate to be prescribed to decrease the bilirubin level? - correct answer ✔✔Phenobarbital
Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn? -
correct answer ✔✔mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive
The nurse is caring for a newborn with hemolytic disease of the newborn who is receiving
phototherapy. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most appropriate for the
nurse to do? - correct answer ✔✔The nurse turns the newborn every 3 or 4 hours
A patient diagnosed with acute primary HIV infection is in the clinic. What treatment should be
initiated for this patient? - correct answer ✔✔Combination antiretroviral therapy
Didanosine therapy once daily
Zidovudine therapy once daily
Monotherapy protease inhibitor therapy
A patient has human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A nurse realizes the HIV will attack: - correct
answer ✔✔C) helper T cells.
The nursing instructor is discussing the development of human immunodeficiency disease (HIV)
with the students. What should the instructor inform the class about helper T cells? - correct
answer ✔✔Fighting infection *
A patient has DiGeorge syndrome. Which assessment findings should the nurse monitor for in
this patient? - correct answer ✔✔Low calcium levels and tetany
