ULTIMATE NUTRITION FINAL EXAM REVIEW-
Q&A WITH CLEAR ELABORATIONS
1. What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
Answer: Carbohydrates supply the body with energy, providing 4 calories per
gram.
Elaboration: They are the body’s preferred fuel source, especially for the brain and
muscles during activity.
2. What are the main functions of fats?
Answer: Fats provide 9 calories per gram, help insulate the body, support hormone
production, transport fat-soluble vitamins, protect organs, and promote satiety.
Elaboration: Fat is the most energy-dense nutrient and plays a crucial role in
nutrient absorption and temperature regulation.
3. What is the primary function of proteins?
Answer: Proteins help build and repair tissues and provide 4 calories per gram.
Elaboration: They are essential for muscle growth, enzyme formation, immune
function, and cell repair.
4. What are the six major nutrient categories?
Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
,Elaboration: These nutrients support energy production, growth, metabolism, and
overall body function.
5. What are the key components of a nutrition assessment?
Answer:
Anthropometrics (height, weight, BMI)
Biochemical data (lab values)
Clinical findings (nutrition-focused physical exam)
Diet and intake history
Medical and social history
Elaboration: A complete assessment identifies nutritional risks and guides
individualized care plans.
6. What is the normal pre-albumin range?
Answer: 17–35 mg/dL.
Elaboration: Pre-albumin is a sensitive indicator of short-term protein status and
nutrition.
, 7. What do the Dietary Guidelines for Americans emphasize?
Answer:
Maintain a healthy eating pattern across all life stages.
Personalize food and beverage choices.
Meet food-group needs through nutrient-dense options within calorie limits.
Reduce intake of added sugars, saturated fat, sodium, and alcohol.
Elaboration: These guidelines help prevent chronic disease and promote lifelong
health.
8. What are the components of MyPlate?
Answer: Fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, and dairy.
Elaboration: MyPlate encourages balanced meals with proper portion proportions.
9. What dietary rules apply in a Jewish diet (Kosher)?
Q&A WITH CLEAR ELABORATIONS
1. What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
Answer: Carbohydrates supply the body with energy, providing 4 calories per
gram.
Elaboration: They are the body’s preferred fuel source, especially for the brain and
muscles during activity.
2. What are the main functions of fats?
Answer: Fats provide 9 calories per gram, help insulate the body, support hormone
production, transport fat-soluble vitamins, protect organs, and promote satiety.
Elaboration: Fat is the most energy-dense nutrient and plays a crucial role in
nutrient absorption and temperature regulation.
3. What is the primary function of proteins?
Answer: Proteins help build and repair tissues and provide 4 calories per gram.
Elaboration: They are essential for muscle growth, enzyme formation, immune
function, and cell repair.
4. What are the six major nutrient categories?
Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
,Elaboration: These nutrients support energy production, growth, metabolism, and
overall body function.
5. What are the key components of a nutrition assessment?
Answer:
Anthropometrics (height, weight, BMI)
Biochemical data (lab values)
Clinical findings (nutrition-focused physical exam)
Diet and intake history
Medical and social history
Elaboration: A complete assessment identifies nutritional risks and guides
individualized care plans.
6. What is the normal pre-albumin range?
Answer: 17–35 mg/dL.
Elaboration: Pre-albumin is a sensitive indicator of short-term protein status and
nutrition.
, 7. What do the Dietary Guidelines for Americans emphasize?
Answer:
Maintain a healthy eating pattern across all life stages.
Personalize food and beverage choices.
Meet food-group needs through nutrient-dense options within calorie limits.
Reduce intake of added sugars, saturated fat, sodium, and alcohol.
Elaboration: These guidelines help prevent chronic disease and promote lifelong
health.
8. What are the components of MyPlate?
Answer: Fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, and dairy.
Elaboration: MyPlate encourages balanced meals with proper portion proportions.
9. What dietary rules apply in a Jewish diet (Kosher)?
