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Lecture notes

Microbes

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A comprehensive look at microbes, namely prokaryotes.










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Uploaded on
January 27, 2021
Number of pages
5
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Lecture notes
Professor(s)
Olga golyshina
Contains
Microbes

Subjects

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E. 3 ?

, f- .
3 ?
Microbiology is about
understanding basic life processes ( a'bout cells and how they work ,
especially bacteria ) .



Applying our
understanding
to benefit humans .
Humans are 501 microbial , for example microorganisms found in the human
gut digest much of our food intake and provide vitamins




|
MICROBIOLOGY CAN IMPACT : Microbes convert and matter from form to another that other
energy one so
organisms can recieve the
energy
Disease

F.
Food ,
Agriculture .
Biotech .
Energy +
and nutrients required .


They regulate global and local
biogeochemical processes .




{ ]
%

They first forms of life ( 35-4 billion
ago) Micro
:
were the years organ:S help protect and promote the


Anoxygenic Phototropic bacteria first inhabited Earth from the
growth
of plants the


harvesting energy sun crop as well as
.


, ,





Cyanobacteria helped oxygenate the planet these arrived after the photo trophic bacteria 04am of cellulose and
,
of digestion in cattle
sheep .




EARTH

Microorganisms and
pathogenesis means humans worldwide are under threat of diseases that could
emerge suddenly
.




I

Lactic acid fermentation
produce yoghurt and cheese , some
fungi are also used to make the cheese blue .




::::÷:÷÷::::÷÷÷÷: ::÷
"



. . . . .am#.....m.asit.
°

Biogas production is possible (such as metho genesis) .




OF
ETHANOL
INCOMPLETE AEROBIC OXIDATION

90% of life
-



in the oceans is microbial .




-


501 of the air breathe synthesised microbes
by
we .




Microbial major portions of biomass Earth for essential nutrients life
-



cells
key
are on and reservoirs in .




PROKARYOTES B EUKARYOTES

of
organelles ( mitochondria ribosomes ) of ribosomes
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes are based on the possession i the nucleus ,
histones , . ,
and size .




Eukaryotic ribosomes have 80s ribosomes
°




[ The classifies ribosomes of
synthesis I
.




g. that means the rate protein
.




Prokaryotic ribosomes
°
have 70s ribosomes .




Bacteria Archaea
Eukarya of life for
,
and are the three main domains .



Though the past three years .
it is debated that there are
only
two domains in life , bacteria and archaea (archaea includes
eukaryotes)
.



KINGDOM DOMAIN
Eukaryotic also exist such protists ; of


microorganisms , as an
example a
protists is amoeba
oprokaryotae o
Bacteria

Other examples of fungi which feature lack Animation Archaea
° °




eukaryotic microbes rigid cell
mobility
°
walls and
-
are
spores
.
,



Planta e o
Eukarya
°
Unicellular red and another
green algae microorganisms
these Fungi
example are
generally smaller than other °
one ,




Protoctista



Viruses of the
are a cellular
obligatory intracellular parasites .


They have no metabolic abilities of their own ; they rely purely on the
machinery
infected host .
The smallest virus is -
10am in diameter .




Archaea are more
closely related to
eukarya than bacteria , but were considered prokaryotes .




Most bacteria and archaea are between 2µm and
5pm in
length ( rods ) .

My co plasm is


considered one of the smallest .

Eukaryotes are
generally larger as
they need to accomodation


a nucleus .
However , there was one on bacteria found in Red Sea
surgeon
fish , which was




discovered 1986 believed be around
larger prokaryotes
in and to 100 times than other .




- ANCIENT LIFE FORMS

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