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NURS 504 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM 2025/2026
BANK COMPLETE 450 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS)
/ALREADY GRADED A+
A patient cuts his finger. Which fibers transmit the pain signal? -
ANSWERS--A-delta fibers
Where is the gate located that is referred to in the gate control
theory of pain? - ANSWERS--Substantia gelatinosa
Massage therapy relieves pain by stimulating the _____ that close
the pain gate. - ANSWERS--A-beta fibers
When caring for a person who has had pain for 3 days, what
physiologic signs of pain would a nurse expect to find? - ANSWERS--
Increased heart rate and respiratory rate with diaphoresis
Which is a description of Cheyne-Stokes respirations? - ANSWERS--A
smooth increase in rate and depth followed by a gradual smooth
decrease in rate and depth
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Which is a characteristic of brainstem death? - ANSWERS--Apnea
Which description is consistent with a complex partial seizure? -
ANSWERS--Consciousness is impaired as well as the ability to
respond to exogenous stimuli
The body compensates to a rise in intracranial pressure by first
displacing: - ANSWERS--Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What pathologic alteration produces tremors at rest, rigidity,
akinesia, and postural abnormalities? - ANSWERS--Atrophy of
neurons in the substantia nigra that produce dopamine
Which neurologic disorder is characterized by cortical nerve cell
processes that have become twisted and dilated? - ANSWERS--
Alzheimer disease
A blunt force injury to the forehead would result in a contrecoup
injury to the _____ region. - ANSWERS--Occipital lobe
What damage is most likely to occur to the brain in a classic cerebral
concussion (grade IV)? - ANSWERS--Diffuse cerebral disconnection
from the reticular activating system
The signs of thyroid crisis resulting from Graves disease include: -
ANSWERS--Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
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The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in Graves disease is
usually: - ANSWERS--Low
Palpation of the neck of a person with Graves disease would detect a
thyroid that is: - ANSWERS--Enlarged diffusely.
What are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - ANSWERS--
Constipation, decreased heat rate, and lethargy
A person with type 1 diabetes experiences hunger, lightheadedness,
tachycardia, pallor, headache, and confusion. The most probable
cause of these symptoms is: - ANSWERS--Hypoglycemia caused by
increased exercise.
Hyperkalemia develops in the presence of diabetic ketoacidosis
because: - ANSWERS--Hydrogen ions shift into the cell in exchange
for potassium to compensate for metabolic acidosis.
Which of the following hormones will not raise blood glucose?
Glucagon
Parathyroid hormone
Epinephrine
Cortisol
Glucocorticoids
Growth hormone - ANSWERS--Parathyroid hormone.
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The polyuria associated with diabetic nephropathy is caused by -
ANSWERS--Increased protein excretion.
Of the following people, who is at highest risk for a cerebrovascular
accident (CVA)? - ANSWERS--Black women older than 70 years of age
Atrial fibrillation, rheumatic heart disease, and valvular prosthetics
are risk factors for which type of stroke? - ANSWERS--Embolic
Conditions that adversely influence progression and extent of
ischemic injury include all of the following except:
Hypercoaguable state
Systemic hypertension
Rapid development of ischemic event
Subnormal body temperature - ANSWERS--Subnormal body
temperature
The true statement in regards to ischemic penumbra (IP) is
a. IP is an area of massive neuronal death that results from a global
reduction in cerebral
blood flow (CBF)
b. CBF in the IP is usually above the 50% of the norm
c. Auto regulatory mechanisms are preserved in the IP
NURS 504 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM 2025/2026
BANK COMPLETE 450 QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
VERIFIED ANSWERS (100% CORRECT ANSWERS)
/ALREADY GRADED A+
A patient cuts his finger. Which fibers transmit the pain signal? -
ANSWERS--A-delta fibers
Where is the gate located that is referred to in the gate control
theory of pain? - ANSWERS--Substantia gelatinosa
Massage therapy relieves pain by stimulating the _____ that close
the pain gate. - ANSWERS--A-beta fibers
When caring for a person who has had pain for 3 days, what
physiologic signs of pain would a nurse expect to find? - ANSWERS--
Increased heart rate and respiratory rate with diaphoresis
Which is a description of Cheyne-Stokes respirations? - ANSWERS--A
smooth increase in rate and depth followed by a gradual smooth
decrease in rate and depth
,2|Page
Which is a characteristic of brainstem death? - ANSWERS--Apnea
Which description is consistent with a complex partial seizure? -
ANSWERS--Consciousness is impaired as well as the ability to
respond to exogenous stimuli
The body compensates to a rise in intracranial pressure by first
displacing: - ANSWERS--Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What pathologic alteration produces tremors at rest, rigidity,
akinesia, and postural abnormalities? - ANSWERS--Atrophy of
neurons in the substantia nigra that produce dopamine
Which neurologic disorder is characterized by cortical nerve cell
processes that have become twisted and dilated? - ANSWERS--
Alzheimer disease
A blunt force injury to the forehead would result in a contrecoup
injury to the _____ region. - ANSWERS--Occipital lobe
What damage is most likely to occur to the brain in a classic cerebral
concussion (grade IV)? - ANSWERS--Diffuse cerebral disconnection
from the reticular activating system
The signs of thyroid crisis resulting from Graves disease include: -
ANSWERS--Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
,3|Page
The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in Graves disease is
usually: - ANSWERS--Low
Palpation of the neck of a person with Graves disease would detect a
thyroid that is: - ANSWERS--Enlarged diffusely.
What are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - ANSWERS--
Constipation, decreased heat rate, and lethargy
A person with type 1 diabetes experiences hunger, lightheadedness,
tachycardia, pallor, headache, and confusion. The most probable
cause of these symptoms is: - ANSWERS--Hypoglycemia caused by
increased exercise.
Hyperkalemia develops in the presence of diabetic ketoacidosis
because: - ANSWERS--Hydrogen ions shift into the cell in exchange
for potassium to compensate for metabolic acidosis.
Which of the following hormones will not raise blood glucose?
Glucagon
Parathyroid hormone
Epinephrine
Cortisol
Glucocorticoids
Growth hormone - ANSWERS--Parathyroid hormone.
, 4|Page
The polyuria associated with diabetic nephropathy is caused by -
ANSWERS--Increased protein excretion.
Of the following people, who is at highest risk for a cerebrovascular
accident (CVA)? - ANSWERS--Black women older than 70 years of age
Atrial fibrillation, rheumatic heart disease, and valvular prosthetics
are risk factors for which type of stroke? - ANSWERS--Embolic
Conditions that adversely influence progression and extent of
ischemic injury include all of the following except:
Hypercoaguable state
Systemic hypertension
Rapid development of ischemic event
Subnormal body temperature - ANSWERS--Subnormal body
temperature
The true statement in regards to ischemic penumbra (IP) is
a. IP is an area of massive neuronal death that results from a global
reduction in cerebral
blood flow (CBF)
b. CBF in the IP is usually above the 50% of the norm
c. Auto regulatory mechanisms are preserved in the IP
