HESI ENTRANCE EXAM BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY REVIEW
HESI Admission Assessment Exam Review –
Comprehensive Prep Guide with Core Concepts and
Clinical Foundations
Chemistry and Biology review
What are the most abundant elements of the human body? - Answer- Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,
Nitrogen
90% of the human body is composed of just four elements which are: - Answer- Carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen, Nitrogen
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the element
is called: - Answer- Atom
Subatomic particles are: - Answer- Protons (positive), Neutrons (neutral) and Electrons (negative)
All matter is composed of basic substances called - Answer- Elements
An atom that tells you how many protons an atom has is called: - Answer- Atomic Number
The number of protons and neutrons is called: - Answer- Mass Number
What is isotope? - Answer- The same element but different number in protons and neutrons-Mass
Number (protons plus neutrons) minus Atomic Number (number of protons) equals the number of
neutrons.
What is radioactive isotope? - Answer- Atom whose nucleus undergoes degeneration and in the
process gives off radiation
What is a molecule? - Answer- Atoms bonded together to form a chemical unit
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, HESI ENTRANCE EXAM BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY REVIEW
What is a compound? - Answer- Combining different atoms
What is ionic bond? - Answer- Ions with opposite charges attract
What are ions? - Answer- Particle that is electrically charged because it has gained or lost one or more
eletrons
What is a covalent bonds? - Answer- Atoms sharing electrons instead of losing or gain them
What is polar bond? - Answer- Bond created when electrons shared by adjacent atoms are shared
unequally
hydrophilic means - Answer- water-living
Hydrophobic means - Answer- water-fearing
What is electrolyte? - Answer- Substances that release ions when puts into water
What is pH? - Answer- a measure of hydrogen ion concentration
Anterior position - Answer- a body part is located towards the front (ventral)
Posterior position - Answer- a body part is located toward the back. (dorsal)
Superior position - Answer- a body part is located ABOVE another part or towards the head
Anatomy - Answer- structure as well as its relationship with other structure
Physiology - Answer- function of the body
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, HESI ENTRANCE EXAM BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY REVIEW
Proximal - Answer- a body part is CLOSER to a specific point of origin or attachment or closer to the
trunk of the body
Distal - Answer- a body part is FARTHER from the specific point of the origin or attachment
Superficial -external - Answer- a body part is located near the surface
Deep (internal) - Answer- a body part is located away from the surface
A sagittal plane (median) cuts the body - Answer- right down the middle
A frontal plane (coronal) is perpendicular (oppose) so it cuts the body - Answer- from ear to ear, from
shoulder to shoulder across
A transverse plane cuts the body - Answer- from the navel in half dividing the superior from the
inferior
A group of similar types of cells that performs a specific function is a(n): - Answer- Tissue
What is the mechanism called which brings about an increasing change in the same direction?
Example: child birth - Answer- positive feedback
The relative consistency of the body's internal environment is called - Answer- hemostasis
A group of similar types of cells that performs a specific function is a(n): - Answer- tissue
A group of two or more types of tissues is a(n): - Answer- Organ
Structures found WITHIN a cell that perform specific functions are: - Answer- Organelles
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, HESI ENTRANCE EXAM BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY REVIEW
Place the levels of organization in order from least complex to most complex - Answer- atom,
molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
The mitochondrion is an example of a(an) - Answer- Organelle
The nose is _______ to the chin - Answer- Superior
The muscles are _____ to the skin - Answer- Deep
The sternum is anterior or ______ to the heart. - Answer- Ventral
What is the scientific term for the mouth - Answer- Oral
Identify the plane that would divide the body into left and right sides - Answer- Sagittal
The plane that divides a body part into anterior and posterior sections is the ______ plane - Answer-
Frontal (coronal) plane
The cavity that contains the pleural and abdominopelvic cavities is the ______ cavity - Answer-
Anterior (ventral)
The cavity that contains the pericardial and pleural cavities is the ______ cavity. - Answer- Ventral
and thoracic
The vertebral canal and cranial cavity is located within the ______ cavity - Answer- Posterior, dorsal
cavity
The serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is the - Answer- visceral pleura
The serous membrane covering the heart is the - Answer- Parietal pericardium
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HESI Admission Assessment Exam Review –
Comprehensive Prep Guide with Core Concepts and
Clinical Foundations
Chemistry and Biology review
What are the most abundant elements of the human body? - Answer- Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,
Nitrogen
90% of the human body is composed of just four elements which are: - Answer- Carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen, Nitrogen
The smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical properties of the element
is called: - Answer- Atom
Subatomic particles are: - Answer- Protons (positive), Neutrons (neutral) and Electrons (negative)
All matter is composed of basic substances called - Answer- Elements
An atom that tells you how many protons an atom has is called: - Answer- Atomic Number
The number of protons and neutrons is called: - Answer- Mass Number
What is isotope? - Answer- The same element but different number in protons and neutrons-Mass
Number (protons plus neutrons) minus Atomic Number (number of protons) equals the number of
neutrons.
What is radioactive isotope? - Answer- Atom whose nucleus undergoes degeneration and in the
process gives off radiation
What is a molecule? - Answer- Atoms bonded together to form a chemical unit
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, HESI ENTRANCE EXAM BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY REVIEW
What is a compound? - Answer- Combining different atoms
What is ionic bond? - Answer- Ions with opposite charges attract
What are ions? - Answer- Particle that is electrically charged because it has gained or lost one or more
eletrons
What is a covalent bonds? - Answer- Atoms sharing electrons instead of losing or gain them
What is polar bond? - Answer- Bond created when electrons shared by adjacent atoms are shared
unequally
hydrophilic means - Answer- water-living
Hydrophobic means - Answer- water-fearing
What is electrolyte? - Answer- Substances that release ions when puts into water
What is pH? - Answer- a measure of hydrogen ion concentration
Anterior position - Answer- a body part is located towards the front (ventral)
Posterior position - Answer- a body part is located toward the back. (dorsal)
Superior position - Answer- a body part is located ABOVE another part or towards the head
Anatomy - Answer- structure as well as its relationship with other structure
Physiology - Answer- function of the body
2|Pa g e
, HESI ENTRANCE EXAM BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY REVIEW
Proximal - Answer- a body part is CLOSER to a specific point of origin or attachment or closer to the
trunk of the body
Distal - Answer- a body part is FARTHER from the specific point of the origin or attachment
Superficial -external - Answer- a body part is located near the surface
Deep (internal) - Answer- a body part is located away from the surface
A sagittal plane (median) cuts the body - Answer- right down the middle
A frontal plane (coronal) is perpendicular (oppose) so it cuts the body - Answer- from ear to ear, from
shoulder to shoulder across
A transverse plane cuts the body - Answer- from the navel in half dividing the superior from the
inferior
A group of similar types of cells that performs a specific function is a(n): - Answer- Tissue
What is the mechanism called which brings about an increasing change in the same direction?
Example: child birth - Answer- positive feedback
The relative consistency of the body's internal environment is called - Answer- hemostasis
A group of similar types of cells that performs a specific function is a(n): - Answer- tissue
A group of two or more types of tissues is a(n): - Answer- Organ
Structures found WITHIN a cell that perform specific functions are: - Answer- Organelles
3|P a g e
, HESI ENTRANCE EXAM BIOLOGY & CHEMISTRY REVIEW
Place the levels of organization in order from least complex to most complex - Answer- atom,
molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
The mitochondrion is an example of a(an) - Answer- Organelle
The nose is _______ to the chin - Answer- Superior
The muscles are _____ to the skin - Answer- Deep
The sternum is anterior or ______ to the heart. - Answer- Ventral
What is the scientific term for the mouth - Answer- Oral
Identify the plane that would divide the body into left and right sides - Answer- Sagittal
The plane that divides a body part into anterior and posterior sections is the ______ plane - Answer-
Frontal (coronal) plane
The cavity that contains the pleural and abdominopelvic cavities is the ______ cavity - Answer-
Anterior (ventral)
The cavity that contains the pericardial and pleural cavities is the ______ cavity. - Answer- Ventral
and thoracic
The vertebral canal and cranial cavity is located within the ______ cavity - Answer- Posterior, dorsal
cavity
The serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is the - Answer- visceral pleura
The serous membrane covering the heart is the - Answer- Parietal pericardium
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