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1. IPM Principle #1 determine the exact pest you are dealing with (or if it's not a pest at all,
but a problem with nutrition or water, etc.)
2. healthy plants have fewer pest problems; are less likely to be seriously damaged when
pests do occur
3. use pesticides only when needed
4. indicator plants plants that are first affected by pests (example -- check rose bushes to
see if you have a Japanese beetle problem, as they are the first place they
will go)
5. Cultural control meth- placement of plants, irrigation, fertilization (choosing correct site is key)
ods
6. biological control the control of a pest by the introduction of a natural enemy or predator,
such as nematodes or predator wasps
7. mechanical control physical removal of invasive species (hand-weeding, trapping insects)
8. chemical control pesticides, herbicides
9. drift movement of pesticide through the air away from target site
10. particle drift movement of droplets or dust away from target area during pesticide
application
11. vapor drift Movement of pesticides as gaseous vapors from the target area (during
or after application)
12. buffer a non-treated zone between target area and sensitive areas, such as
streams, ponds, and drains
13. pesticides in the soil Are eventually broken down by bacteria and fungi
, Georgia Pesticide Exam - Category 24
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14. Goal of IPM program to produce healthy plants that can resist pests
(Integrated Pest Man-
agement)
15. hand lens for insect 5 power to 10 power
identification
16. cultural practice for proper cultivar selected, proper site prep, mowing, thatch removal, cor-
turgrass rect watering and fertilization
17. Fescue and Kentucky cool season grass
bluegrass
18. Bermudagrass, Cen- warm season grasses
tipedegrass, Zoysia-
grass, Bahiagrass
19. perennial ryegrass overseeding warm season grass for winter color
used for
20. Piedmont region transitional zone (in Southeast) where both warm and cool season grass-
es are used
21. Mountains southeast geographical region where cool season grasses do well
22. Cultivars genetically different groups within a species
23. proper mowing height removes no more than 1/3 of the grass blade
24. thatch the layer of living and dead plant stems, leaves and roots that develops
between the soil surface and green vegetation
25. thatch layer should not be more than 1/2 inch thick
26. aeration reduces soil compaction by allowing air and water to reach the roots