CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 1
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Evolution - answer- Evolution is the process of change that has transformed life on
Earth
DNA - answer- Deoxyribonucleic acid: a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a
cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix
Emergent properties - answer- New properties that arise with each step upward in
the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as
complexity increases.
Eukaryotic Cell - answer- A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with eukaryotic cells (protists, plants,
fungi, and animals) are called eukaryotes.
Prokaryotic Cell - answer- A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with prokaryotic cells (bacteria and
archaea) are called prokaryotes.
Biosphere - answer- The entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the
planet's ecosystems.
Ecosystems - answer- All the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors
with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical environment
around them
Community - answer- All the organisms that inhabit a particular area; an assemblage
of populations of different species living close enough together for potential
interaction.
Population - answer- A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same
area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.
Organism - answer- a creature such as a plant, animal or a single-celled life form, or
something that has interdependent parts and that is being compared to a living
creature
Organs - answer- A specialized center of body function composed of several
different types of tissues.
Organ Systems - answer- A group of organs that work together in performing vital
body functions.
Tissues - answer- An integrated group of cells with a common structure, function, or
both. Ex. muscle or nervous
, Organelles - answer- Any of several membrane-enclosed structures with specialized
functions, suspended in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells.
molecules that are arranged into minute structures, crucial functional components of
cells (cellulose, plasma membrane)
Molecule - answer- Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Adaptation - answer- Inherited characteristic of an organism that enhances its
survival and reproduction in a specific environment.
Hypothesis - answer- A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the
available data and guided by inductive reasoning. A hypothesis is narrower in scope
than a theory.
Controlled Experiment - answer- An experiment in which an experimental group is
compared with a control group that varies only in the factor being tested.
Dependent Variable - answer- It is something that depends on other factors.
Independent Variable - answer- It is a variable that stands alone and isn't changed
by the other variables you are trying to measure.
What are the 7 Characteristics of Life? - answer- 1. Order
2. Regulation
3. Energy Processing
4. Evolutionary Adaptation
5. Response to the Environment
6. Reproduction
7. Growth and Development
Metabolism - answer- The totality of an organism's chemical reactions, consisting of
catabolic and anabolic pathways, which manage the material and energy resources
of the organism.
Why is Biology a Science? - answer- Biology is a science since it takes care to
interpret the nature, according to the scientific method, which establishes the
resolution of hypotheses raised by the researcher, by means of using different
techniques for the creation of representative models of nature.
What are the 7 steps of the Scientific Method? - answer- 1. Observe
2. Research
3. Form a hypothesis
4. Test the hypothesis
5. Analyze results and draw conclusions
6. Report your findings
7. Conduct more research
What is the difference between observational and experimental investigations? -
answer- Observational investigations do not manipulate data
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Evolution - answer- Evolution is the process of change that has transformed life on
Earth
DNA - answer- Deoxyribonucleic acid: a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a
cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix
Emergent properties - answer- New properties that arise with each step upward in
the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as
complexity increases.
Eukaryotic Cell - answer- A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with eukaryotic cells (protists, plants,
fungi, and animals) are called eukaryotes.
Prokaryotic Cell - answer- A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and
membrane-enclosed organelles. Organisms with prokaryotic cells (bacteria and
archaea) are called prokaryotes.
Biosphere - answer- The entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the
planet's ecosystems.
Ecosystems - answer- All the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors
with which they interact; one or more communities and the physical environment
around them
Community - answer- All the organisms that inhabit a particular area; an assemblage
of populations of different species living close enough together for potential
interaction.
Population - answer- A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same
area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.
Organism - answer- a creature such as a plant, animal or a single-celled life form, or
something that has interdependent parts and that is being compared to a living
creature
Organs - answer- A specialized center of body function composed of several
different types of tissues.
Organ Systems - answer- A group of organs that work together in performing vital
body functions.
Tissues - answer- An integrated group of cells with a common structure, function, or
both. Ex. muscle or nervous
, Organelles - answer- Any of several membrane-enclosed structures with specialized
functions, suspended in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells.
molecules that are arranged into minute structures, crucial functional components of
cells (cellulose, plasma membrane)
Molecule - answer- Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Adaptation - answer- Inherited characteristic of an organism that enhances its
survival and reproduction in a specific environment.
Hypothesis - answer- A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the
available data and guided by inductive reasoning. A hypothesis is narrower in scope
than a theory.
Controlled Experiment - answer- An experiment in which an experimental group is
compared with a control group that varies only in the factor being tested.
Dependent Variable - answer- It is something that depends on other factors.
Independent Variable - answer- It is a variable that stands alone and isn't changed
by the other variables you are trying to measure.
What are the 7 Characteristics of Life? - answer- 1. Order
2. Regulation
3. Energy Processing
4. Evolutionary Adaptation
5. Response to the Environment
6. Reproduction
7. Growth and Development
Metabolism - answer- The totality of an organism's chemical reactions, consisting of
catabolic and anabolic pathways, which manage the material and energy resources
of the organism.
Why is Biology a Science? - answer- Biology is a science since it takes care to
interpret the nature, according to the scientific method, which establishes the
resolution of hypotheses raised by the researcher, by means of using different
techniques for the creation of representative models of nature.
What are the 7 steps of the Scientific Method? - answer- 1. Observe
2. Research
3. Form a hypothesis
4. Test the hypothesis
5. Analyze results and draw conclusions
6. Report your findings
7. Conduct more research
What is the difference between observational and experimental investigations? -
answer- Observational investigations do not manipulate data
