BATES TEST BANK EXAMINATION TEST PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ lupus . Answer: You are assessing a patient with diffuse joint pains
and want to make sure that only the joints are the problem, and that the
pain is not related to other diseases. Which of the following is a systemic
cause of joint pain?
A) Gout
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Lupus
D) Spondylosis
◉ lyme disease . Answer: A 19-year-old college sophomore comes to
the clinic for evaluation of joint pains. The student has been back from
spring break for 2 weeks; during her holiday, she went camping. She
notes that she had a red spot, shaped like a target, but then it started
spreading, and then the joint pains started. She used insect repellant but
was in an area known to have ticks. She has never been sick and takes
no medications routinely; she has never been sexually active. What is
the most likely cause of her joint pain?
◉ foot arched . Answer: An 85-year-old retired housewife comes with
her daughter to establish care. Her daughter is concerned because her
,mother has started to fall more. As part of her physical examination, you
ask her to walk across the examination room. Which of the following is
not part of the stance phase of gait?
A) Foot arched
B) Heel strike
C) Mid-stance
D) Push-off
◉ straight leg-raise . Answer: A 32-year-old warehouse worker presents
for evaluation of low back pain. He notes a sudden onset of pain after
lifting a set of boxes that were heavier than usual. He also states that he
has numbness and tingling in the left leg. He wants to know if he needs
to be off of work. What test should you perform to assess for a herniated
disc?
◉ mechanical low back pain . Answer: A 33-year-old construction
worker comes for evaluation and treatment of acute onset of low back
pain. He notes that the pain is an aching located in the lumbosacral area.
It has been present intermittently for several years; there is no known
trauma or injury. He points to the left lower back. The pain does not
radiate and there is no numbness or tingling in the legs or incontinence.
He was moving furniture for a friend over the weekend. On physical
examination, you note muscle spasm, with normal deep tendon reflexes
and muscle strength. What is the most likely cause of this patient's low
back pain?
,◉ Cervical sprain . Answer: A 50-year-old realtor comes to your office
for evaluation of neck pain. She was in a motor vehicle collision 2 days
ago and was assessed by the emergency medical technicians on site, but
she didn't think that she needed to go to the emergency room at that
time. Now, she has severe pain and stiffness in her neck. On physical
examination, you note pain and spasm over the paraspinous muscles on
the left side of the neck, and pain when you make the patient do active
range of motion of the cervical spine. What is the most likely cause of
this neck pain?
◉ Fibromyalgia . Answer: A 28-year-old graduate student comes to
your clinic for evaluation of pain "all over." With further questioning,
she is able to relate that the pain is worse in the neck, shoulders, hands,
low back, and knees. She denies swelling in her joints; she states that the
pain is worse in the morning; there is no limitation in her range of
motion. On physical examination, she has several points on the muscles
of the neck, shoulders, and back that are tender to palpation; muscle
strength and range of motion are normal. Which of the following is
likely the cause of her pain?
◉ Rotator cuff tendinitis . Answer: A 68-year-old retired banker comes
to your clinic for evaluation of left shoulder pain. He swims for 30
minutes daily, early in the morning. He notes a sharp, catching pain and
a sensation of something grating when he tries overhead movements of
his arm. On physical examination, you note tenderness just below the tip
of the acromion in the area of the tendon insertions. The drop arm test is
negative, and there is no limitation with shoulder shrug. The patient is
not holding his arm close to his side, and there is no tenderness to
, palpation in the bicipital groove when the arm is at the patient's side,
flexed to 90 degrees, and then supinated against resistance. Based on this
description, what is the most likely cause of his shoulder pain?
◉ tendons . Answer: A high school soccer player "blew out his knee"
when the opposing goalie's head and shoulder struck his flexed knee
while the goalie was diving for the ball. All of the following structures
were involved in some way in his injury, but which of the following is
actually an extra-articular structure?
A) Synovium
B) Joint capsule
C) Juxta-articular bone
D) Tendons
◉ Extra-articular . Answer: Ray works a physical job and notes pain
when he attempts to lift his arm over his head. When you move the
shoulder passively, he has full range of motion without pain and there is
no gross swelling or tenderness. What type of joint disease does this
most likely represent?
◉ Cartilaginous . Answer: Mark is a contractor who recently injured his
back. He was told he had a "bulging disc" to account for the burning
pain down his right leg and slight foot drop. The vertebral bodies of the
spine involve which type of joint?
2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
◉ lupus . Answer: You are assessing a patient with diffuse joint pains
and want to make sure that only the joints are the problem, and that the
pain is not related to other diseases. Which of the following is a systemic
cause of joint pain?
A) Gout
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Lupus
D) Spondylosis
◉ lyme disease . Answer: A 19-year-old college sophomore comes to
the clinic for evaluation of joint pains. The student has been back from
spring break for 2 weeks; during her holiday, she went camping. She
notes that she had a red spot, shaped like a target, but then it started
spreading, and then the joint pains started. She used insect repellant but
was in an area known to have ticks. She has never been sick and takes
no medications routinely; she has never been sexually active. What is
the most likely cause of her joint pain?
◉ foot arched . Answer: An 85-year-old retired housewife comes with
her daughter to establish care. Her daughter is concerned because her
,mother has started to fall more. As part of her physical examination, you
ask her to walk across the examination room. Which of the following is
not part of the stance phase of gait?
A) Foot arched
B) Heel strike
C) Mid-stance
D) Push-off
◉ straight leg-raise . Answer: A 32-year-old warehouse worker presents
for evaluation of low back pain. He notes a sudden onset of pain after
lifting a set of boxes that were heavier than usual. He also states that he
has numbness and tingling in the left leg. He wants to know if he needs
to be off of work. What test should you perform to assess for a herniated
disc?
◉ mechanical low back pain . Answer: A 33-year-old construction
worker comes for evaluation and treatment of acute onset of low back
pain. He notes that the pain is an aching located in the lumbosacral area.
It has been present intermittently for several years; there is no known
trauma or injury. He points to the left lower back. The pain does not
radiate and there is no numbness or tingling in the legs or incontinence.
He was moving furniture for a friend over the weekend. On physical
examination, you note muscle spasm, with normal deep tendon reflexes
and muscle strength. What is the most likely cause of this patient's low
back pain?
,◉ Cervical sprain . Answer: A 50-year-old realtor comes to your office
for evaluation of neck pain. She was in a motor vehicle collision 2 days
ago and was assessed by the emergency medical technicians on site, but
she didn't think that she needed to go to the emergency room at that
time. Now, she has severe pain and stiffness in her neck. On physical
examination, you note pain and spasm over the paraspinous muscles on
the left side of the neck, and pain when you make the patient do active
range of motion of the cervical spine. What is the most likely cause of
this neck pain?
◉ Fibromyalgia . Answer: A 28-year-old graduate student comes to
your clinic for evaluation of pain "all over." With further questioning,
she is able to relate that the pain is worse in the neck, shoulders, hands,
low back, and knees. She denies swelling in her joints; she states that the
pain is worse in the morning; there is no limitation in her range of
motion. On physical examination, she has several points on the muscles
of the neck, shoulders, and back that are tender to palpation; muscle
strength and range of motion are normal. Which of the following is
likely the cause of her pain?
◉ Rotator cuff tendinitis . Answer: A 68-year-old retired banker comes
to your clinic for evaluation of left shoulder pain. He swims for 30
minutes daily, early in the morning. He notes a sharp, catching pain and
a sensation of something grating when he tries overhead movements of
his arm. On physical examination, you note tenderness just below the tip
of the acromion in the area of the tendon insertions. The drop arm test is
negative, and there is no limitation with shoulder shrug. The patient is
not holding his arm close to his side, and there is no tenderness to
, palpation in the bicipital groove when the arm is at the patient's side,
flexed to 90 degrees, and then supinated against resistance. Based on this
description, what is the most likely cause of his shoulder pain?
◉ tendons . Answer: A high school soccer player "blew out his knee"
when the opposing goalie's head and shoulder struck his flexed knee
while the goalie was diving for the ball. All of the following structures
were involved in some way in his injury, but which of the following is
actually an extra-articular structure?
A) Synovium
B) Joint capsule
C) Juxta-articular bone
D) Tendons
◉ Extra-articular . Answer: Ray works a physical job and notes pain
when he attempts to lift his arm over his head. When you move the
shoulder passively, he has full range of motion without pain and there is
no gross swelling or tenderness. What type of joint disease does this
most likely represent?
◉ Cartilaginous . Answer: Mark is a contractor who recently injured his
back. He was told he had a "bulging disc" to account for the burning
pain down his right leg and slight foot drop. The vertebral bodies of the
spine involve which type of joint?
