INFANT ASSESMENT AND POSTNAL
CARE
Most critical and immediate physiological change to extrauterine life? -
ANS>>Respiratory
___: common in neonates; persistent blue or cyanotic discoloration of the extremities,
most commonly occurring in the hands, although it also occurs in the feet and distal
parts of face - ANS>>Acrocyanosis
Thermoregulatory System
1. Neonate responses to temperature changes are ___ for the first few weeks
2. Heat loss is exaggerated by evaporation when ___ - ANS>>1. Delayed
2. Wet
Thermoregulatory System - Cold Stress
1. Metabolic rate ___
2. Muscle activity ___
3. Peripheral ___
4. Metabolism of ___ - ANS>>1. ↑ Increases
2. ↑ Increases
3. Vasoconstriction
4. Brown fat (dense and vascular adipose tissue in newborns)
Thermoregulatory System - Cold Stress
1. ___ need for oxygen
2. Decreased production of ___
3. Increases risk for: (give multiple answers) - ANS>>1. ↑ Increased
2. Surfactant
3. Respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, jaundice; may cause return
to fetal circulatory pathways
Risk factors for ___
-Prematurity
-Small for gestational age
-Hypoglycemia
-Prolonged resuscitation
-Sepsis
-Neurological, endocrine, cardiorespiratory problems - ANS>>Cold stress
, Signs and symptoms of ___
Axillary temp 36.5° C (97.6° F); Skin cool
Lethary, Pallor
Tachypnea, Grunting
Hypoglycemia, Jitteriness
Weak suck - ANS>>Cold stress
Preventing Cold Stress
1. ___ thoroughly and immediately
2. Remove ___ linens
3. Place ___ on infant
4. Encourage ___ with mother and ___ over both
5. ___ in warm blankets
6. Maintain ___
7. Place infant in/under ___ - ANS>>1. Dry thoroughly and immediately
2. Wet linens
3. Hat
4. Skin-to-skin, blanket
5. Wrap/swaddle
6. Neutral thermal environment (NTE)
7. Radiant warmer
If newborn temperature is decreased:
1. Assess ___
2. Test blood for ___
3. Observe for signs of ___
4. Monitor VS every ___ - ANS>>1. Respiratory rate
2. Blood glucose level (heel stick)
3. Infection
4. q5 minutes
Newborn GI System
Encourage feeding at least ___ if not more - ANS>>q3-q4h
Newborn Respiratory System
Expiratory grunting, crackles, and wheezes are ___ - ANS>>Abnormal breath sounds;
requires
further assessment
Newborn Respiratory System
CARE
Most critical and immediate physiological change to extrauterine life? -
ANS>>Respiratory
___: common in neonates; persistent blue or cyanotic discoloration of the extremities,
most commonly occurring in the hands, although it also occurs in the feet and distal
parts of face - ANS>>Acrocyanosis
Thermoregulatory System
1. Neonate responses to temperature changes are ___ for the first few weeks
2. Heat loss is exaggerated by evaporation when ___ - ANS>>1. Delayed
2. Wet
Thermoregulatory System - Cold Stress
1. Metabolic rate ___
2. Muscle activity ___
3. Peripheral ___
4. Metabolism of ___ - ANS>>1. ↑ Increases
2. ↑ Increases
3. Vasoconstriction
4. Brown fat (dense and vascular adipose tissue in newborns)
Thermoregulatory System - Cold Stress
1. ___ need for oxygen
2. Decreased production of ___
3. Increases risk for: (give multiple answers) - ANS>>1. ↑ Increased
2. Surfactant
3. Respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, jaundice; may cause return
to fetal circulatory pathways
Risk factors for ___
-Prematurity
-Small for gestational age
-Hypoglycemia
-Prolonged resuscitation
-Sepsis
-Neurological, endocrine, cardiorespiratory problems - ANS>>Cold stress
, Signs and symptoms of ___
Axillary temp 36.5° C (97.6° F); Skin cool
Lethary, Pallor
Tachypnea, Grunting
Hypoglycemia, Jitteriness
Weak suck - ANS>>Cold stress
Preventing Cold Stress
1. ___ thoroughly and immediately
2. Remove ___ linens
3. Place ___ on infant
4. Encourage ___ with mother and ___ over both
5. ___ in warm blankets
6. Maintain ___
7. Place infant in/under ___ - ANS>>1. Dry thoroughly and immediately
2. Wet linens
3. Hat
4. Skin-to-skin, blanket
5. Wrap/swaddle
6. Neutral thermal environment (NTE)
7. Radiant warmer
If newborn temperature is decreased:
1. Assess ___
2. Test blood for ___
3. Observe for signs of ___
4. Monitor VS every ___ - ANS>>1. Respiratory rate
2. Blood glucose level (heel stick)
3. Infection
4. q5 minutes
Newborn GI System
Encourage feeding at least ___ if not more - ANS>>q3-q4h
Newborn Respiratory System
Expiratory grunting, crackles, and wheezes are ___ - ANS>>Abnormal breath sounds;
requires
further assessment
Newborn Respiratory System
