CITI Cultural Competence Questions
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is a vulnerable population in research?
✔✔ Individuals who may have limited capacity to consent or are at higher risk of coercion, such
as children or prisoners.
Why must researchers protect participant confidentiality?
✔✔ To safeguard personal information and maintain trust in the research process.
What should a researcher do if a participant withdraws from a study?
✔✔ Respect the decision, stop participation immediately, and ensure no penalties or loss of
benefits.
What is the difference between anonymity and confidentiality?
✔✔ Anonymity means participants cannot be identified at all; confidentiality means identifying
information is kept private.
1
, Why is continuing review of research by the IRB required?
✔✔ To ensure ongoing compliance with ethical standards and participant safety.
What is the purpose of risk-benefit analysis in research?
✔✔ To ensure that the potential benefits justify any risks to participants.
What is an adverse event in human subjects research?
✔✔ Any undesirable experience or harm occurring during the study that may be related to
participation.
Why is it important to avoid coercion in recruitment?
✔✔ To ensure participation is voluntary and based on informed choice.
What is the difference between research and practice?
✔✔ Research aims to generate generalizable knowledge; practice aims to improve individual
patient care.
Why should participants be given the right to ask questions?
2
and Answers | Latest Version |
2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is a vulnerable population in research?
✔✔ Individuals who may have limited capacity to consent or are at higher risk of coercion, such
as children or prisoners.
Why must researchers protect participant confidentiality?
✔✔ To safeguard personal information and maintain trust in the research process.
What should a researcher do if a participant withdraws from a study?
✔✔ Respect the decision, stop participation immediately, and ensure no penalties or loss of
benefits.
What is the difference between anonymity and confidentiality?
✔✔ Anonymity means participants cannot be identified at all; confidentiality means identifying
information is kept private.
1
, Why is continuing review of research by the IRB required?
✔✔ To ensure ongoing compliance with ethical standards and participant safety.
What is the purpose of risk-benefit analysis in research?
✔✔ To ensure that the potential benefits justify any risks to participants.
What is an adverse event in human subjects research?
✔✔ Any undesirable experience or harm occurring during the study that may be related to
participation.
Why is it important to avoid coercion in recruitment?
✔✔ To ensure participation is voluntary and based on informed choice.
What is the difference between research and practice?
✔✔ Research aims to generate generalizable knowledge; practice aims to improve individual
patient care.
Why should participants be given the right to ask questions?
2
