Fundamentals of Nursing: Questions and Answers
5 vital signs - ansrespirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
6 classes of nutrients - anssupply energy: carbs, proteins, lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
ACE inhibitors - ansto prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II and decrease circulatory fluid volume by
reducing aldosterone production
active exercise - ansthe patient independently moves joints through their full range of motion (isotonic
exercise)
acute illness - ansrapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia,
appendicitis
acute pain - ansrapid in onset, varies in intensity and duration, protective in nature
acute wound - ansusually heal within days to weeks
afferent nervous system conveys info to the - ansCNS; going to your brain
Aims of Nursing - ans1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
albumin normal lab values - ans3.5-5
,anuria - ans24-hour urine output is less than 50mL; complete kidney shut down or renal failure
apnea - ansperiods when no breathing occurs
assessing blood pressure - ans-listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
autonomy - ansrespect rights of patients to make health care decisions
average blood pressure for healthy adult - ans120/80
axillary temp - ans36.5 C, 97.7 F
beneficence - ansbenefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and harms
beta-adrenergic blockers - ansto block sympathetic stimulation and decrease cardiac output
body mechanics - ansthe use of proper body positions to provide protection from the stress of movement and
activity
bradypnea - ansdecreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
carbs - ans-sugars and starches
-organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-lactose is an animal source
, -most abundant and least expensive
-classified as simple or complex sugars
-converted to glucose for transport through blood
-50-100g needed daily to prevent ketosis
chronic illness - ansslow onset, characteristics: permanent change, caused by change in anatomy, requires
special patient education, long period of care or support; examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung diseases, and
arthritis
chronic pain - anspain that may be limited, intermittent, or persistent but that lasts beyond the normal healing
period
chronic wound - ansdo not progress through stages of healing; healing impeded
Clara Barton - ansestablished red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during civil
war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
cleaning a pressure ulcer - ansclean w/ each dressing change, gentle motions (patting), use 0.9% normal saline
solution to irrigate and clean, report any drainage or necrotic tissue
closed drainage system - ans-Jackson-pratt drain
-hemovac drain
may be connected to an electrical suction or built-in reservoir
closed wound - ansresults from a blow, force, or strain caused by trauma such as a fall, an assault, or motor
vehicle crash
color classification of open wounds - ans-R: red-protect
5 vital signs - ansrespirations, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, and pain
6 classes of nutrients - anssupply energy: carbs, proteins, lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
ACE inhibitors - ansto prevent vasoconstriction by angiotensin II and decrease circulatory fluid volume by
reducing aldosterone production
active exercise - ansthe patient independently moves joints through their full range of motion (isotonic
exercise)
acute illness - ansrapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short time; examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia,
appendicitis
acute pain - ansrapid in onset, varies in intensity and duration, protective in nature
acute wound - ansusually heal within days to weeks
afferent nervous system conveys info to the - ansCNS; going to your brain
Aims of Nursing - ans1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate coping with disability or death
albumin normal lab values - ans3.5-5
,anuria - ans24-hour urine output is less than 50mL; complete kidney shut down or renal failure
apnea - ansperiods when no breathing occurs
assessing blood pressure - ans-listening for korotkoff sounds w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
autonomy - ansrespect rights of patients to make health care decisions
average blood pressure for healthy adult - ans120/80
axillary temp - ans36.5 C, 97.7 F
beneficence - ansbenefit the patient; balance benefits against risks and harms
beta-adrenergic blockers - ansto block sympathetic stimulation and decrease cardiac output
body mechanics - ansthe use of proper body positions to provide protection from the stress of movement and
activity
bradypnea - ansdecreased respiratory rate; occurs in some pathologic conditions
carbs - ans-sugars and starches
-organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-lactose is an animal source
, -most abundant and least expensive
-classified as simple or complex sugars
-converted to glucose for transport through blood
-50-100g needed daily to prevent ketosis
chronic illness - ansslow onset, characteristics: permanent change, caused by change in anatomy, requires
special patient education, long period of care or support; examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung diseases, and
arthritis
chronic pain - anspain that may be limited, intermittent, or persistent but that lasts beyond the normal healing
period
chronic wound - ansdo not progress through stages of healing; healing impeded
Clara Barton - ansestablished red cross; volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during civil
war; served as supervisor of nurses for the army of James
cleaning a pressure ulcer - ansclean w/ each dressing change, gentle motions (patting), use 0.9% normal saline
solution to irrigate and clean, report any drainage or necrotic tissue
closed drainage system - ans-Jackson-pratt drain
-hemovac drain
may be connected to an electrical suction or built-in reservoir
closed wound - ansresults from a blow, force, or strain caused by trauma such as a fall, an assault, or motor
vehicle crash
color classification of open wounds - ans-R: red-protect
