NURS 630 TEST 1 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
What is the recommended office visit interval during each trimester in a low risk
pregnancy? - Up to 28 weeks - every 4 weeks
28-36 weeks - every 2 weeks
36 weeks and more - every week or more as necessary
What are the appropriate findings in the first trimester? - Breast pain, enlargement,
changes in pigment. Constipation. Excessive salivation, fatigue, flatulence, headaches,
N/V, hemorrhoids, urinary frequency, varicosities of vulva and legs
What are the appropriate findings in the second trimester? - Backache, dyspnea,
epitaxis, leukorrhea, ligament pain, muscle cramps, pica, syncope
What are the appropriate findings in the third trimester? - Braxton-Hicks contractions,
discomfort in upper extremities, edema, heartburn, insomnia, joint pain/ache
What are common symptoms during pregnancy? - N/V, heartburn, constipation,
hemorrhoids, leg cramps, urinary frequency, back ache, lower leg swelling, dyspnea in
3rd trimester, leukorrhea
How to screen for gestational DM - At 24-28 weeks gestation: 1 hour glucose testing
(non-fasting)
If above 130-140 then 3-hour glucose testing (fasting)
How to prevent pregnancy induced hypertension - Prevention is key - regular exercise,
increase protein diet, 8 glasses of water per day, rest
How to treat PIH or chronic HTN during pregnancy - Labetolol, nifedipine, or
methyldopa (only severe PIH, systolic BP > 180, diastolic > 110). Close monitoring, kick
counts, NST, weekly OB visits
What are the s/s of mastitis? - Usually unilateral, chills, fever, malaise, local tenderness
with swelling, pain, lump
What are the s/s of gestational HTN? - Headache, visual disturbances, facial, ankle and
finger edema, or severe heartburn with abdominal pain
What should the fundal height be at various prenatal visits? - 10 weeks - uterus baseball
sized, FHT via doppler between 10-12 weeks
12 weeks - uterus is softball sized, fundus is rising above symphysis pubis, palpable at
the time
16 weeks - halfway between symphysis pubis and umbilicis, quickening first noted,
about 18-20 weeks with 1st pregnancy
, 20-36 weeks - uterus increases 1cm in size weekly, uterine fundus at umbilicus
Term - fundal height drops r/t fetal head engagement into pelvis, vertex position in 95%
of pregnancy by 36 weeks
What are the presumptive/subjective signs of pregnancy? - Amenorrhea, N/V, excessive
fatigue, urinary frequency, breast changes, quickening, enlarged abdomen
What are the probable/objective signs of pregnancy? - Positive pregnancy test, Hegar's
sign, Chadwick's sign, Goodell's sign, Ballottement, Fetal outline
What are the positive/diagnostic indicators of pregnancy? - Fetal heart tones, fetal
movements, fetal sonography
What are concerning symptoms during pregnancy? - fever, vaginal discharge that is
large amount, odor, irritation, vaginal bleeding, palpitations, breathlessness at rest,
swelling up upper extremities or face, oliguria, decreased or absent fetal movement
What are some worrisome complaints? - 1st trimester: heavy bleeding
3rd trimester: headache, blurred vision
What OCP can be given to breastfeeding women? - Oral contraceptive after 6 weeks -
progestin only.
Diaphragm, IUD/intradermal, Depo Provera
What immunizations can be given in pregnancy? - No live vaccines like MMR or
varicella
What happens during weeks 1-8 of pregnancy? - Placenta begins to form, the brain and
spinal cord begin to form. The tissues that begin to form the heart begin to beat. The
heartbeat can be detected with ultrasound at about 6 weeks of pregnancy. Buds for
limbs appear with paddle-like hands and feet. The eyes, nose, ears begin to develop.
Eyelids form but remain closed. The genitals begin to develop. By the end of the eighth
week, all major organs and body systems have begun to develop.
What happens during weeks 13-16 during pregnancy? - Arms and legs can flex.
External sex organs are formed. The outer ear begins to develop. The fetus can
swallow and hear. The neck is formed. Kidneys are functioning and begin to produce
urine.
What happens during weeks 9-12 during pregnancy? - Buds for future teeth appear.
Fingers and toes start to form. Soft nails begin to form. Bones and muscles begin to
grow. The intestines begin to form. The backbone is soft and can flex. The skin is thin
and transparent. The hands are more developed than the feet. The arms are longer
than the legs.
What is the recommended office visit interval during each trimester in a low risk
pregnancy? - Up to 28 weeks - every 4 weeks
28-36 weeks - every 2 weeks
36 weeks and more - every week or more as necessary
What are the appropriate findings in the first trimester? - Breast pain, enlargement,
changes in pigment. Constipation. Excessive salivation, fatigue, flatulence, headaches,
N/V, hemorrhoids, urinary frequency, varicosities of vulva and legs
What are the appropriate findings in the second trimester? - Backache, dyspnea,
epitaxis, leukorrhea, ligament pain, muscle cramps, pica, syncope
What are the appropriate findings in the third trimester? - Braxton-Hicks contractions,
discomfort in upper extremities, edema, heartburn, insomnia, joint pain/ache
What are common symptoms during pregnancy? - N/V, heartburn, constipation,
hemorrhoids, leg cramps, urinary frequency, back ache, lower leg swelling, dyspnea in
3rd trimester, leukorrhea
How to screen for gestational DM - At 24-28 weeks gestation: 1 hour glucose testing
(non-fasting)
If above 130-140 then 3-hour glucose testing (fasting)
How to prevent pregnancy induced hypertension - Prevention is key - regular exercise,
increase protein diet, 8 glasses of water per day, rest
How to treat PIH or chronic HTN during pregnancy - Labetolol, nifedipine, or
methyldopa (only severe PIH, systolic BP > 180, diastolic > 110). Close monitoring, kick
counts, NST, weekly OB visits
What are the s/s of mastitis? - Usually unilateral, chills, fever, malaise, local tenderness
with swelling, pain, lump
What are the s/s of gestational HTN? - Headache, visual disturbances, facial, ankle and
finger edema, or severe heartburn with abdominal pain
What should the fundal height be at various prenatal visits? - 10 weeks - uterus baseball
sized, FHT via doppler between 10-12 weeks
12 weeks - uterus is softball sized, fundus is rising above symphysis pubis, palpable at
the time
16 weeks - halfway between symphysis pubis and umbilicis, quickening first noted,
about 18-20 weeks with 1st pregnancy
, 20-36 weeks - uterus increases 1cm in size weekly, uterine fundus at umbilicus
Term - fundal height drops r/t fetal head engagement into pelvis, vertex position in 95%
of pregnancy by 36 weeks
What are the presumptive/subjective signs of pregnancy? - Amenorrhea, N/V, excessive
fatigue, urinary frequency, breast changes, quickening, enlarged abdomen
What are the probable/objective signs of pregnancy? - Positive pregnancy test, Hegar's
sign, Chadwick's sign, Goodell's sign, Ballottement, Fetal outline
What are the positive/diagnostic indicators of pregnancy? - Fetal heart tones, fetal
movements, fetal sonography
What are concerning symptoms during pregnancy? - fever, vaginal discharge that is
large amount, odor, irritation, vaginal bleeding, palpitations, breathlessness at rest,
swelling up upper extremities or face, oliguria, decreased or absent fetal movement
What are some worrisome complaints? - 1st trimester: heavy bleeding
3rd trimester: headache, blurred vision
What OCP can be given to breastfeeding women? - Oral contraceptive after 6 weeks -
progestin only.
Diaphragm, IUD/intradermal, Depo Provera
What immunizations can be given in pregnancy? - No live vaccines like MMR or
varicella
What happens during weeks 1-8 of pregnancy? - Placenta begins to form, the brain and
spinal cord begin to form. The tissues that begin to form the heart begin to beat. The
heartbeat can be detected with ultrasound at about 6 weeks of pregnancy. Buds for
limbs appear with paddle-like hands and feet. The eyes, nose, ears begin to develop.
Eyelids form but remain closed. The genitals begin to develop. By the end of the eighth
week, all major organs and body systems have begun to develop.
What happens during weeks 13-16 during pregnancy? - Arms and legs can flex.
External sex organs are formed. The outer ear begins to develop. The fetus can
swallow and hear. The neck is formed. Kidneys are functioning and begin to produce
urine.
What happens during weeks 9-12 during pregnancy? - Buds for future teeth appear.
Fingers and toes start to form. Soft nails begin to form. Bones and muscles begin to
grow. The intestines begin to form. The backbone is soft and can flex. The skin is thin
and transparent. The hands are more developed than the feet. The arms are longer
than the legs.
