Philosophy
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_p4w06
1. Epistemology A branch of philosophy that investigates the origin, nature, methods, and limits of
human knowledge.
2. metaphysics (used with a sing. verb) Philosophy The branch of philosophy that examines the
nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance
and attribute, fact and value.
3. ethics (n.) the philosophical study of moral values and rules; a system of moral values
4. aesthetics (art) the branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and taste (emphasizing the
evaluative criteria that are applied to art)
5. social philosophy philosophical study of society and its problems and the application of moral
principles to these problems including the problems of human rights, justice,
freedom, and the relation of the individual to society.
6. political philoso- is the study of topics such as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the
phy enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are
needed,
7. logic The system of principles of reasoning used to reach valid conclusions or make
inferences.
8. forms non-material abstract (but substantial) forms (or ideas), and not the material
world of change known to us through sensation, possess the highest and most
fundamental kind of reality
9. critical thinking Is rationally deciding what to believe or what to do. When one rationally decides
something, he or she evaluates information to see if it makes sense, whether it's
coherent, and whether the argument is well founded on evidence.
10. allegory of the Seeing is not always true; Plato uses this to say that we only have a skewed view
cave on the world and do not take into account what we may not know
1/8
, Philosophy
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_p4w06
11. opinion belief What is knowledge? What is the difference between knowledge and opinion or
knowledge belief
12. Sophia a philosophical concept regarding wisdom, as well as a theological concept re-
garding the wisdom of the biblical God.
13. Hedonism the philosophical theory that places the pursuit of pleasure above all else
14. consequential- An ethical system that determines the goodness or evilness from the effect or result
ism of an act.
15. utilitarianism greatest happiness for the greatest number
16. rationalism the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
17. empiricism the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
18. intuitionism a rational person possesses inherent powers to assess the correctness of actions
19. deontology Approach to ethics that judges the morality of an action based on the action's
adherence to rules. Described as duty or obligation, because rules 'binds you to
your duty'.
20. ethos Appeals to an audience's sense of morality/trust; Achieved by projecting an image
of credibility which supports the speaker's position
21. duty A moral or legal obligation; a responsibility.
22. good will "Nothing in the world - indeed nothing even beyond the world - can possibly be
conceived which could be called good without qualification except the good will
(Kant)
23. rationality A way of thinking that emphasizes deliberate, matter-of-fact calculation of the most
efficient way to accomplish a particular task
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_p4w06
1. Epistemology A branch of philosophy that investigates the origin, nature, methods, and limits of
human knowledge.
2. metaphysics (used with a sing. verb) Philosophy The branch of philosophy that examines the
nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance
and attribute, fact and value.
3. ethics (n.) the philosophical study of moral values and rules; a system of moral values
4. aesthetics (art) the branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and taste (emphasizing the
evaluative criteria that are applied to art)
5. social philosophy philosophical study of society and its problems and the application of moral
principles to these problems including the problems of human rights, justice,
freedom, and the relation of the individual to society.
6. political philoso- is the study of topics such as politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law, and the
phy enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are
needed,
7. logic The system of principles of reasoning used to reach valid conclusions or make
inferences.
8. forms non-material abstract (but substantial) forms (or ideas), and not the material
world of change known to us through sensation, possess the highest and most
fundamental kind of reality
9. critical thinking Is rationally deciding what to believe or what to do. When one rationally decides
something, he or she evaluates information to see if it makes sense, whether it's
coherent, and whether the argument is well founded on evidence.
10. allegory of the Seeing is not always true; Plato uses this to say that we only have a skewed view
cave on the world and do not take into account what we may not know
1/8
, Philosophy
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_p4w06
11. opinion belief What is knowledge? What is the difference between knowledge and opinion or
knowledge belief
12. Sophia a philosophical concept regarding wisdom, as well as a theological concept re-
garding the wisdom of the biblical God.
13. Hedonism the philosophical theory that places the pursuit of pleasure above all else
14. consequential- An ethical system that determines the goodness or evilness from the effect or result
ism of an act.
15. utilitarianism greatest happiness for the greatest number
16. rationalism the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
17. empiricism the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
18. intuitionism a rational person possesses inherent powers to assess the correctness of actions
19. deontology Approach to ethics that judges the morality of an action based on the action's
adherence to rules. Described as duty or obligation, because rules 'binds you to
your duty'.
20. ethos Appeals to an audience's sense of morality/trust; Achieved by projecting an image
of credibility which supports the speaker's position
21. duty A moral or legal obligation; a responsibility.
22. good will "Nothing in the world - indeed nothing even beyond the world - can possibly be
conceived which could be called good without qualification except the good will
(Kant)
23. rationality A way of thinking that emphasizes deliberate, matter-of-fact calculation of the most
efficient way to accomplish a particular task
2/8
