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Lecture notes

A-level class notes for regeneration

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In-depth notes of regeneration at A-level for Pearson Edexcel. Diagrams and exam questions included












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Uploaded on
September 24, 2025
Number of pages
51
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Lecture notes
Professor(s)
Simon holland
Contains
All classes

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Place vs space
Space- a location which has no social connections for a human being - they are abstract
Place- location created by human experiences - Place exists of space that is filled with meaning and
objectives by human experiences - it is a visible expression of a specific time period
de e
Demographic, people and their characteristics -populat Change /flaws of people /Are +
Gender structure


Socio (people, wellbeing and community) economic (money) characteristics -money and investment
ef
Resources flows
people
Cultural (beliefs, religion and traditions) characteristics -
> local history
/flows of people


How and why do places vary?

,City
silbcird closer
to
am


Census + 66 %
2821
to 24
aged 15




- moreevents
morea

Bigger
Area

more
> proximity
-
densive to cith
populated



very uneven

city > close to
-
> inner
-
uni
↓ ↓


t
low better access
terraced
to services
housing - E
&
↳ more
highest coures + punic
transport Sheban
accordable
compound stacked fringe
bar chart




notatthana
(A-level/

scanificant decrease most people
do College
# almost
people
achieve
-
go




increased
decreased

higher than level 2
L

, nart
Die , - eas




e
univerd
nighest
lowest
highest




age- > differ
highest
ethnicity/religio
lowest
occupation / qu


n +2 anomalies

man er man

, How and why has Nottingham changed over time?

-physical factors relief/topography rivers
>
-
,
materials
,
raw


-accessibility easy
- get to (range
to of transport
types or


-connectedness connections to other places
>
-



-historical development historical events influence how places change
-




-role of local and national planning f




Physical- river Trent, sandstone geology, caves, floodplains (good for agriculture), raw materials (coal),
central position in the uk, close to the Peak District
Accessibility/ connectedness- M1, A52, A46 Nottingham Train station and East Midlands Parkway, East
Midlands Airport, Trams, Victoria Centre Bus station, university of Nottingham sister campus in china and
Malaysia
Historical development- Nottingham Castle, lace market (1800s), Anglo Saxon ‘snotingham’ market town,
Norman defensive site with a castle, canal (1796) and railway (1839), industry grew with Raleigh bikes
(1888), Boots (1849), John Player (cigarettes) (1877), Nottingham university (1881 Shakespeare street, then
university park 1920s)
Planning- inter-war and post-war reconstruction (pre-fab homes), slum clearance (narrow and broad
marsh), 60s high-rise and 70s low-rise housing, 1990s policy on increasing numbers in higher education
(studentification), Hs2 and hub at East Midlands Parkway


How connections shape places?
Regional- interactions with other settlements and polices to develop the area
National- northern powerhouse, deregulation in city of London
International- with other countries (EU policies, twinning
Global- global TNC’s in the area, internet speeds relative to other areas

Hs2 was supposed to Help rebalance the uk economy with the north and south
divide. It would act as a catalyst for growth in the midlands and north to open up
employment and leisure opportunities for millions.
74,000 jobs will be lost and £4 billion in regional economy will be lost meaning there will be less
development in Nottingham and the surrounding areas.



Explain how connectedness can influence changing places (4 marks)
Regional connections can influence how places change and are regenerated. Local enterprise partnerships
such as D2N2 promote local collaborations between authorities and businesses to try and create more
opportunities for investment in the area. For the Nottingham area extensions for the NET will make transport
easer and quicker for customers. This will also make more connections for businesses meaning more
investment comes into the area. This will result in the area being regenerated due to the extra funding from
investment in the area.
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