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Samenvatting Psychologie_hoofdstuk 8

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Samenvatting hoofdstuk 8 van het vak psychologie, die gegeven wordt in 1e bachelor sociaal werk aan Artevelde.

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September 23, 2025
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PSYCHOLOGIE

BIOLOGISCHE
BENADERING
2024–2025



1

,Inhoudsopgave
1. Uitgangspunten en basisbegrippen....................................................................4

1.1. Ons gedrag, onze gevoelens en onze gedachten worden bepaald door
biologische factoren............................................................................................ 4

1.2. De biologische psychologie ontrafelt het gedrag, de gevoelens en de
gedachten in zijn verschillende biologische componenten..................................4

1.3. De biologische psychologie gaat niet langer uit van een dualistisch model.5

1.4. De biologische psychologie gaat uit van een medisch onderzoeksmodel....5

2. Hedendaagse denkers........................................................................................ 5

3. Kritische kanttekeningen.................................................................................... 6

4. De kijk van de biologische psychologie op stress...............................................6

4.1. Wat is stress en waar komt het vandaan?....................................................6

4.2. Het onwillekeurige zenuwstelsel en stress...................................................7

4.3. Het hormoonstelsel en stress.......................................................................9

4.4. Een benadering van stress vanuit de evolutionaire psychologie................11

4.5. Een benadering van stress vanuit de theorie van Kahneman....................12

5. De kijk van de biologische psychologie op psychopathologie..........................14

5.1. Psychopathologie en neurotransmitters.....................................................14

5.1.1. De werking van neuronen....................................................................14

5.1.2. De invloed van neurotransmitters op psychopathologische stoornissen
....................................................................................................................... 16

5.2. Psychopathologie en hersenstructuren......................................................16

5.2.1. De werking van verschillende hersenstructuren..................................16

5.2.2. De invloed van hersenstructuren op psychopathologische stoornissen
....................................................................................................................... 17

5.3. Psychopathologie en erfelijkheid................................................................18

5.3.1. De rol van erfelijke factoren.................................................................18

5.3.2. De rol van milieufactoren.....................................................................20

5.3.3. Interactie.............................................................................................. 21

5.3.4. Onderzoek naar de genetische bepaaldheid........................................22

2

, 5.3.5. De invloed van erfelijkheid op psychopathologische stoornissen.........22

A. Depressie............................................................................................. 23

B. Autisme............................................................................................... 23

C. Alcoholisme......................................................................................... 23




1.UITGANGSPUNTEN EN BASISBEGRIPPEN

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