TESTBANK d
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
D D D D D D D D
8th Edition
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Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
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, b d c b
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Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology ..................................................................................................................... 4
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Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ...................................... 18
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Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ..................... 31
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Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases ......................................................................................... 44
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Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases .................................................. 55
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Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ................................................................................................... 63
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Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing .................................................. 68
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Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity ............................................................................................................ 83
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Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation .................................................................. 95
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Chapter 10: Infection .............................................................................................................................108
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ..........................................................................................................117
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Chapter 12: Cancer Biology..................................................................................................................124
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology ........................................................................................................137
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Chapter 14: Cancer in Children ..........................................................................................................143
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System ...................................................148
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Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function ...................................159
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Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function174
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Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular
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Junction
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...................................................................................................................................................................188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders ..............199
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Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ..........................................................206
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Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ............................................................................213
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Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation ..............................................................................222
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Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition .............................................................................234
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Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems .............................................239
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Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System ......................................................249
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Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System...........................................................259
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Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections .......................................................................................265
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................273
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Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function ................................ 283
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Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function ......................................................... 293
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Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ......................................................... 300
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Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ................... 311
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Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function............................................................................. 324
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Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children ........................................................ 338
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Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System....................................................... 346
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Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function ................................................................................... 356
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Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ............................................................. 373
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Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems .................................... 381
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Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ........................................................ 391
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Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children................................... 401
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Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ......................................................... 409
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Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function ..................................................................................... 421
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Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children ............................................................... 432
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System .............................................. 441
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Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ...................................................................... 453
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Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children ..................................................466
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument ............................................475
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Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children .................................................................486
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Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ....................494
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Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children .................502
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, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and
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dChildren 4
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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MULTIPLE CHOICE d
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins. d d d
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d d d d
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. d d d d d d
d. Cells can synthesize fats. d d d
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from
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dtheir surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
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dmetabolic absorption. d
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering d d
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA,
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dmost of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which
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regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and
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energyproduction.
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Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
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function as the intracellular digestive system.
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PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering d d
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen
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toremove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
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a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
D D D D D D D D
8th Edition
d
Kathryn L. McCance, Sue E. Huether
d d d d d
, b d c b
d d 2
Contents
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology ..................................................................................................................... 4
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Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents ...................................... 18
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Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases ..................... 31
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Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases ......................................................................................... 44
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Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases .................................................. 55
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Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease ................................................................................................... 63
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Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing .................................................. 68
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Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity ............................................................................................................ 83
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Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation .................................................................. 95
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Chapter 10: Infection .............................................................................................................................108
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease ..........................................................................................................117
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Chapter 12: Cancer Biology..................................................................................................................124
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology ........................................................................................................137
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Chapter 14: Cancer in Children ..........................................................................................................143
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System ...................................................148
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Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function ...................................159
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Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function174
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Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular
d d d d d d d d d d d d
Junction
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...................................................................................................................................................................188
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders ..............199
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Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children ..........................................................206
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Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation ............................................................................213
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Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation ..............................................................................222
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Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition .............................................................................234
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Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems .............................................239
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Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System ......................................................249
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Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System...........................................................259
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Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections .......................................................................................265
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System ................................................273
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, b d c b
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Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function ................................ 283
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Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function ......................................................... 293
d d d d
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children ......................................................... 300
d d d d
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems ................... 311
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Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function............................................................................. 324
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Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children ........................................................ 338
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Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System....................................................... 346
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Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function ................................................................................... 356
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Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children ............................................................. 373
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Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems .................................... 381
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Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function ........................................................ 391
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Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children................................... 401
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Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System ......................................................... 409
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Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function ..................................................................................... 421
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Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children ............................................................... 432
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System .............................................. 441
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Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function ...................................................................... 453
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Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children ..................................................466
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument ............................................475
d d d d d d d d
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children .................................................................486
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Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults ....................494
d d d d d d d d d d
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children .................502
d d d d d d d d d d
, Test Bank - Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and
d d d d d d d d d d d b d c b
d
dChildren 4
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
d d d
MULTIPLE CHOICE d
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
d d d d d d d d d
a. Cells can produce proteins. d d d
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. d d d d
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. d d d d d d
d. Cells can synthesize fats. d d d
ANS: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
dtheir surroundings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dmetabolic absorption. d
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering d d
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
d d d d d d d d d d d d
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA,
d d d d d d d d d d d d
dmost of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins, such as the histones, which
d d d d d d d d d d d d d
regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and
d d d d d d d d d d d
energyproduction.
d d
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes
d d d d d d d d d d d
function as the intracellular digestive system.
d d d d d d
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering d d
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen
d d d d d d d d d d d
toremove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
d d
d d d d d d d d d
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B
