A2 Chemistry - Unit 2 - Polymer Chemistry Summary

Polymer Chemistry
Condensation Polymers PET Polyamides
* formed by the elimination of small molecules ltholtla.it when Bethanie -1,2 -


did A carboxyl group ,
-

COOH ,
+ amine ,NH , , form an amide bond
monomers bond together * benzene -
ha -


dicarboxylic acid * used a fibres in clothing
& require monomers to have 2 diff functional groups
.


* makes clothes crease resistant

diamine and dicarboxylic acid monomers

"°
Polyesters > carpets , shirts , sports clothing
n
ftp.i?--di-oHtnH0-lth-lth-0H nth N -
A -


NH , + n
% -

B -
C
"
'
OH
* reacting 2 diff . monomers , dint dicarboxylic acid
/ y, to

0 H
"° " É
"
/ fi o ith ch
of 1- In Hao
É ÉF
-




hydroxy carboxylic
- - - -

-




A
try
N HO - -

OH t n C -
B -


c "


¥
' ' A-
acid
-
-

-
☐ -




Ho OH
, , ^
0
e-
µ in Ho -

B.c
"yµ Nylon -6,6 oraiacyicniiiiiie repeat unit
poiuamiae



diaminohexanethexane-hb-dioicacidfo-A-o.ci
* 1,6
H
IF
-




'
I


Éf
-


B-


£0 É
H "

%
n


-0%4-+2^40
I

.CI?,-s/-N-lcth1o
e-
repeat unit -
D -




,
,
N Kkk
Pollster n N ( (th ) , N n ICHI
- -
-




t ,
-




,
-
-
,



' '
H Ho
'
ti
I H




Hydrolysis of polyamides
Addition Polymerisation Hydrolysis + degradable polymers * hydrolysis innotaa.aciaa.vn produces :
* addition polymers formed from alkene monomers * Condensation polymers degradable flavours
are dicarboxylic acid + ammonium salt 01 diamine

( C- C) * Degradable polymers can be hydrolysed by acids * hydrolysis
+ bases in hot aol.at/2a1ilNaOH/ produces :
4>
-




Condensation are now being used more than addition sodium salt of dicarboxylic acid + diamine




fÉ if
.
.




"
1
l"} →
reducing stress on waste management systems
N , , [ →
.




Acid base hydrolysis of nylon -6,6
'
Hi H ti ti Acid hydrolysis
fÉ
n base or PET

¥ ]_n
( ( th )
É N kHz )o
propene
- - -




polypropylene
-
-
.




f- E- ii. o.E.ci
"
base it

of
ni-na-ooc-ioo-na.tl
"
-




n
→


t n HO CHI -
- CH , -

OH acid → ntna-OOC-CCH.lu -


COO.NU/-tnHzN-1Cth1-Ntk

Photo degradable Polymers acid

* some condensation maybe photo degradable as I :O bonds NHO C C - -
-


OH + NHOOC -
-
COOH base → ntbNt-lltklo-N-tbtnHOOC-KH.li ,
-
COOH

within backbone otpolumerlunabsoib light energy 1- break