Cell Biology
History of cells
1665 – Robert Hooke
o Father of Microscope (Remember by
imagining a father named Robert carrying a
baby which is a microscope). He examined
thin slice of cork (protects plants, acts as a
cushion against physical or mechanical
injuries), called what he saw cells.
1673 – Leeuwenhoek
o First to view organisms, using microscope to
view pond water and scrapings from his
teeth.
Cofounders of cell theory
1838 – Matthias Scheiden
o Concludes all plants were made of cells.
(Remember by thinking: Matthias likes
vegetables).
1839 – Theodore Schwann
, o Concludes all animals were made of cells.
(Remember by thinking: Theo likes meat).
1855 – Rudolph Virchow (not from the co-
founders btw)
o Observed cell division under microscope.
o Reasoned: “All cells come from other pre-
existing cells by cell division.
Prokaryotes
o Bacteria and archaea
o Normally Haploid (possesses only one set of
gene in the cell)
o Reproduce asexually
o Has cilia (short, many)
o Has flagella (long tail, no more than 3)
o Pili
o Plasmids (singular circular chromosome)
o Peptidoglycan surrounds cell membrane and
wall
o Ribosomes (makes proteins, imagine factory
named ribosomes manufacturing proteins of
different sizes) in cytoplasm
History of cells
1665 – Robert Hooke
o Father of Microscope (Remember by
imagining a father named Robert carrying a
baby which is a microscope). He examined
thin slice of cork (protects plants, acts as a
cushion against physical or mechanical
injuries), called what he saw cells.
1673 – Leeuwenhoek
o First to view organisms, using microscope to
view pond water and scrapings from his
teeth.
Cofounders of cell theory
1838 – Matthias Scheiden
o Concludes all plants were made of cells.
(Remember by thinking: Matthias likes
vegetables).
1839 – Theodore Schwann
, o Concludes all animals were made of cells.
(Remember by thinking: Theo likes meat).
1855 – Rudolph Virchow (not from the co-
founders btw)
o Observed cell division under microscope.
o Reasoned: “All cells come from other pre-
existing cells by cell division.
Prokaryotes
o Bacteria and archaea
o Normally Haploid (possesses only one set of
gene in the cell)
o Reproduce asexually
o Has cilia (short, many)
o Has flagella (long tail, no more than 3)
o Pili
o Plasmids (singular circular chromosome)
o Peptidoglycan surrounds cell membrane and
wall
o Ribosomes (makes proteins, imagine factory
named ribosomes manufacturing proteins of
different sizes) in cytoplasm
