NSG 119 Exam 1 Study Guide Questions With Complete
Solutions
50 Questions
look here :)
13 Professionalism (8 Objectives)
17 Immunity (15 Objectives)
16 Infection (9 Objectives)
4 Math
= 50 Questions
Good luck all! :)
Anaphylaxis/Anaphylactic Reactions for Obj. 2 Correct
Answer - Anaphylactic reactions occur only in susceptible
people who are highly sensitized to specific allergen*
Common causes of anaphylaxis:
- Medications: antibiotics
- Peanuts and tree nuts
- Insect sting: bee sting
- Fish and shellfish
- Milk
- Latex
IMMUNITY (17 Questions) Obj. 1:
Differentiate between active and passive immunity. (2) Correct
Answer - Active: Results from exposure to antigen (self-made
antibodies). Can be natural (when a person is infected by a
disease and produces antibodies) or artificial (vaccination)
- Passive: Antibodies are produced by another organism. Can be
maternal (immunity passed from mother to child) or artificial
,(injected antibodies created within a different person or animal.
termed antiserum. rabies vaccine and snake antivenom are
examples.)
IMMUNITY Obj. 10:
Summarize the characteristics of opportunistic diseases
associated with AIDS. (1)
Endocrine Complications Correct Answer Endocrine
Complications
- Gonadal dysfunction, body shape changes, adrenal
insufficiency, diabetes, and elevated triglycerides and
cholesterol. Many HIV positive men have low testosterone
levels and HIV positive women often have irregular menstrual
cycles. Changes in gonadal function decreases muscle mass for
both genders, along with weight loss, decreased libido, and
decreased energy, and increased fatigue. Body shape changes
from fat distribution or fat deposition (lipodystrophy) are
common with older antiretroviral drug therapies, especially
protease inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors. Symptoms include "buffalo neck" or neck fat
development and large belly fat accumulation. Other areas such
as the face, arms, and legs, appear wasted and show prominent
vein patterns or sunken facial cheeks from loss of subcutaneous
fat (lipoatrophy).
- Causes fatigue, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, low blood
pressure, and electrolyte disturbances.
- Patients taking older protease inhibitors have a higher-than-
expected incidence of type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
IMMUNITY Obj. 10:
, Summarize the characteristics of opportunistic diseases
associated with AIDS. (1) Correct Answer - Protozoal and
fungal infections are common among pts with AIDS, especially
PCP. Assess for SOB, tachypnea, persistent dry cough, and
persistent low-grade fever. Pt may report fatigue and weight
loss. Assess breath sounds for crackles.
- Toxoplasmosis encephalitis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii is
acquired through contact with contaminated cat feces or
undercooked meat. Assess the pt. for subtle changes in mental
status, neurologic deficits, headaches, and fever. Other changes
may include difficulties with speech, gait, and vision, seizures,
lethargy, and confusion.
- Cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by
cryptosporidium organisms. In AIDS this illness ranges from
mild diarrhea to severe wasting with electrolyte imbalance.
- Fungal infection: is most often an overgrowth of normal flora.
Candida albicans is part of the intestinal tract's natural flora. In
AIDS, overgrowth of the candid fungus occurs because the
reduced immunity can no longer control fungal growth. Candida
stomatitis or esophagitis occurs often. Patients may report food
tasting "funny" mouth pain, difficulty swallowing, and pain
behind the sternum. You may see cottage cheese like yellowish
white plaques and inflammation. Women with HIV may have
persistent vaginal candidiasis with severe pruritus, perineal
irritation, and a thick white vaginal discharge.
- Cryptococcosis caused by cryptococcus neoformans is a
debilitating meningitis and can be a widely spread infection in
Solutions
50 Questions
look here :)
13 Professionalism (8 Objectives)
17 Immunity (15 Objectives)
16 Infection (9 Objectives)
4 Math
= 50 Questions
Good luck all! :)
Anaphylaxis/Anaphylactic Reactions for Obj. 2 Correct
Answer - Anaphylactic reactions occur only in susceptible
people who are highly sensitized to specific allergen*
Common causes of anaphylaxis:
- Medications: antibiotics
- Peanuts and tree nuts
- Insect sting: bee sting
- Fish and shellfish
- Milk
- Latex
IMMUNITY (17 Questions) Obj. 1:
Differentiate between active and passive immunity. (2) Correct
Answer - Active: Results from exposure to antigen (self-made
antibodies). Can be natural (when a person is infected by a
disease and produces antibodies) or artificial (vaccination)
- Passive: Antibodies are produced by another organism. Can be
maternal (immunity passed from mother to child) or artificial
,(injected antibodies created within a different person or animal.
termed antiserum. rabies vaccine and snake antivenom are
examples.)
IMMUNITY Obj. 10:
Summarize the characteristics of opportunistic diseases
associated with AIDS. (1)
Endocrine Complications Correct Answer Endocrine
Complications
- Gonadal dysfunction, body shape changes, adrenal
insufficiency, diabetes, and elevated triglycerides and
cholesterol. Many HIV positive men have low testosterone
levels and HIV positive women often have irregular menstrual
cycles. Changes in gonadal function decreases muscle mass for
both genders, along with weight loss, decreased libido, and
decreased energy, and increased fatigue. Body shape changes
from fat distribution or fat deposition (lipodystrophy) are
common with older antiretroviral drug therapies, especially
protease inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors. Symptoms include "buffalo neck" or neck fat
development and large belly fat accumulation. Other areas such
as the face, arms, and legs, appear wasted and show prominent
vein patterns or sunken facial cheeks from loss of subcutaneous
fat (lipoatrophy).
- Causes fatigue, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, low blood
pressure, and electrolyte disturbances.
- Patients taking older protease inhibitors have a higher-than-
expected incidence of type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
IMMUNITY Obj. 10:
, Summarize the characteristics of opportunistic diseases
associated with AIDS. (1) Correct Answer - Protozoal and
fungal infections are common among pts with AIDS, especially
PCP. Assess for SOB, tachypnea, persistent dry cough, and
persistent low-grade fever. Pt may report fatigue and weight
loss. Assess breath sounds for crackles.
- Toxoplasmosis encephalitis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii is
acquired through contact with contaminated cat feces or
undercooked meat. Assess the pt. for subtle changes in mental
status, neurologic deficits, headaches, and fever. Other changes
may include difficulties with speech, gait, and vision, seizures,
lethargy, and confusion.
- Cryptosporidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by
cryptosporidium organisms. In AIDS this illness ranges from
mild diarrhea to severe wasting with electrolyte imbalance.
- Fungal infection: is most often an overgrowth of normal flora.
Candida albicans is part of the intestinal tract's natural flora. In
AIDS, overgrowth of the candid fungus occurs because the
reduced immunity can no longer control fungal growth. Candida
stomatitis or esophagitis occurs often. Patients may report food
tasting "funny" mouth pain, difficulty swallowing, and pain
behind the sternum. You may see cottage cheese like yellowish
white plaques and inflammation. Women with HIV may have
persistent vaginal candidiasis with severe pruritus, perineal
irritation, and a thick white vaginal discharge.
- Cryptococcosis caused by cryptococcus neoformans is a
debilitating meningitis and can be a widely spread infection in
