Cosmetology Written Final Exam Question and Answers [100% Correct] 2025/2026 Latest Release

Cosmetology Written Final Exam Question and Answers [100% Correct] 2024/2025 Latest Release What is the primary purpose of a shampoo? **ANS** To cleanse the hair and scalp of dirt, oil, and product buildup. Which tool is primarily used to create a soft curl in hair? **ANS** A curling iron. What is the pH range of human hair? **ANS** 4.5 to 5.5. What type of haircolor is best for covering gray hair effectively? **ANS** Permanent haircolor. Which skin type is characterized by larger pores and an oily appearance? **ANS** Oily skin. What is the main benefit of using a deep conditioning treatment? **ANS** It helps to restore moisture and improve the overall health of the hair. What technique involves applying color to the hair in a sweeping motion from the roots to the ends? **ANS** Balayage. What is the most common type of nail enhancement? **ANS** Acrylic nails. 1 How often should a client typically receive a haircut to maintain healthy hair? **ANS** Every 6 to 8 weeks. What is the purpose of a patch test before applying haircolor? **ANS** To check for allergic reactions to the product. What is the primary role of a toner in haircoloring? **ANS** To adjust the undertone of the hair color. What is the main ingredient in most professional exfoliating products? **ANS** Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs). Which tool is used to create straight lines when cutting hair? **ANS** A straight razor. What is the purpose of a consultation in a salon setting? **ANS** To understand the client's needs and expectations before services are performed. Which hair cutting technique involves lifting the hair at an angle to create layers? **ANS** Slide cutting. What type of bacteria can cause infections on the skin? **ANS** Pathogenic bacteria. What is the recommended way to disinfect non-porous tools and equipment? **ANS** Using an EPA-registered disinfectant. 2 What is the primary function of conditioner? **ANS** To moisturize and detangle the hair. Which skin condition is characterized by redness and inflammation? **ANS** Rosacea. What is the importance of understanding color theory in cosmetology? **ANS** It helps in creating harmonious hair colors and correcting unwanted tones. Another term for the form or mass of a hairstyle **Ans**Volume A single line of color or a series of repeated lines, creates a **Ans**Bold, dramatic accent Establishing equal or appropriate proportions to create symmetry in a design is called **Ans**Balance The hair design where both sides of a hairstyle form a mirror image of each other is said to have **Ans**Elevated balance The two defining characteristics of hair type **Ans**Wave patterns and hair texture The facial shape that is one and a half times longer than its width across the brow is the **Ans**Oval face To offset or round out the square facial type, choose a style that has **Ans**Volume around areas between the temples and jaw and adds width around areas The outline of the face, head, and figure seen in a side view is **Ans**Profile Do not massage or manipulate a client's scalp if you detect the presence of **Ans**abrasions 3 Antidandruff shampoos and conditioners contain antifungal agents that suppress the growth of **Ans**Malassezia To be effective, a shampoo must remove all dirt, oils, cosmetics and skin debris without **Ans**Adversely affecting scalp or hair The water purification process used in the manufacture of cosmetics where water is heated to a vapor then collected as a liquid is **Ans**Distillation The main ingredient of most shampoos is **Ans**Water Ingredients in shampoos are listed according to the percentage of each ingredient or in **Ans**Descending order The water-attracting head of the surfactant molecule **Ans**Hydrophilic The lipophilic tail of a surfactant molecule is considered to be **Ans**Oil-attracting Shampoos that are created by combining the surfactant base with basic color pigments are **Ans**Color-enhancing Which of the following conditioning agents removes oil accumulation from the scalp and is used after a scalp treatment and before styling **Ans**Scalp astringent lotions Placing a comb flat against the nape of the head and finding where the comb leaves the head can be used to locate the **Ans**Occipital bone The lines used to remove weight to create graduated or layered haircuts are **Ans**Vertical Elevation creates graduation and layers and is usually described in **Ans**Degrees 4 A guideline used in a blunt, one length haircut, or used in overdirection to create a length or weight increase is a **Ans**Stationary guide On a layered haircut, if you want the hair to be longer toward the front, overdirected to create a length or weight increase **Ans**Back of the ears Which type of comb is used mainly to deranged the hair **Ans**Wide-tooth comb The best overall blade edge for a hair stylist is **Ans**Convex When cutting hair, a general rule of thumb is to stand or sit directly in front of the area you are cutting and to keep your body weight **Ans**Centered To reduce strain on the index finger and thumb while cutting hair, it is important to **Ans**Palm the shears The cutting technique used to layer very long hair and keep weight at the perimeter is **Ans**Slide cutting The process of removing excess bulk without shortening hair length is **Ans**Texturizing Along the front hairline to prevent splits or breaks in the finished style, the recommended base to use is **Ans**Triangular base Arc pin curls are also known as half-moon or **Ans**C-shape base curls To create curls in hair using rollers, the hair should be wrapped around the roller **Ans**Two and a half turns Brushes that are used to blow dry precision haircuts where little or no volume is desired are **Ans**Classic styling brushes 5 Grooming brushes that add polish and shine to the hair have a bristle mixture consisting of **Ans**Boar and nylon Combs that are used for thermal curling should be made of **Ans**Hard rubber The hair type that is very resistant to hair pressing and requires more heat and pressure is **Ans**Wiry/curl The press performed when the hair becomes curly again due to perspiration or dampness is a **Ans**Touch-up When executing an updo, inspect the shape from every angle to make sure it is **Ans**Well balanced and proportioned To avoid scratching the scalp, the teeth on wide-toothed combs should have **Ans**Long rounded tips A board of fine,upright nails that is used to comb or detangle human hair extensions or to blend colors is a **Ans**Hackle Extensions material that may cut or break the hair and melt with the application of excessive hear is **Ans**Nylon An imported wool fiber available in black or brown with a matte finish that is used in hair extensions is **Ans**Lin The terms single braids, box braids, or individual braids all refer to **Ans**Free-hanging braids When testing synthetic hair or fibers by burning,the hair will either ball up, melt,or burn **Ans**Quickly with no odor Top-of the line synthetic wigs that stimulate protein-rich hair are made of **Ans**Kanekalon 6 Hair that is arranged so that the cuticles of all hair strands slope in the same direction is **Ans**Turned hair The least expensive wig option **Ans**Machine made. To achieve a natural look when cutting a wig, the ends should be **Ans**Tapered When using heat on human hair wigs, the temperature setting on the stylist should be **Ans**Low When styling a wig without natural-looking hairline or lace front, you should soften the hairline by **Ans**Back combing around the hairline All synthetic hair colors used on wigs and hair pierces are standardized according to the hair color ring used by manufacturers, which contains **Ans**70 colors Hairpieces that have openings at the base through which the client's hair is blended are **Ans**Integration The range of numbers used in pH scale is **Ans**O to 14 The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is **Ans**Ammmonium thioglycolate Hair that has too many disulfide bonds broken and will not hold a firm curl is considered **Ans**Overprocessed Relaxers that contain only one component and are used without mixing are **Ans**Metal hydroxide relaxers The application for chemical relaxers should be started in the most resistant area, usually the **Ans**Back of the head 7 Conditioner with an acidic pH that restores the hair's natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer is **Ans**Normalizing lotion Fundamental or pure colors that cannot be achieved from a mixture are **Ans**Primary colors A color obtained by mixing equal parts of two primary colors is a **Ans**Secondary color All hair coloring products require a patch test with the exception of **Ans**Temporary colors Coloring products that have a coating action on the hair and are removed by shampooing are **Ans**Temporary colors The coloring products that are regarded as the best for covering gray are **Ans**Permanent haircoloring Chemical compounds that lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural pigment are **Ans**Hair lighteners Decolorizing the hair's natural pigment allows the colorist to create the exact degree of **Ans**Contributing pigment Client's with hair in questionable condition who request chemical services should be required to sign a **Ans**Release statement The process that lightens hair and deposits color in one application is a **Ans**Single-process hair coloring The coloring technique that involves coloring some strands of hair lighter than the natural color is **Ans**Highlighting The technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is **Ans**Lowlighting 8 The technique using free-form of painting hair lightener directly on clean, styled hair is **Ans**Baliage The technical term that refers to the overgrowth of hair on the body **Ans**Hypertrichosis The two major categories of hair removal are **Ans**Temporary and permanent Prior to application, the temperature of heated wax should be tested on **Ans**The wrist Wax applied to an area should be removed using **Ans**Fabric strips Remaining wax residue can be safely removed from the skin with a gentle **Ans**Wax remover A temporary hair removal method involving cotton thread manipulated and rolled along the surface of the skin is **Ans**Threading Oily or dry conditions of skin that cannot be permanently changed, only improved with treatments, are determined by the skin **Ans**Type Pimples that have pus head are called **Ans**Pustules Foaming wash-off type cleansers contain a detergent that is also known as **Ans**Surfactant Products that are designed to rebalance the pH and remove remnants of cleanser from the skin are **Ans**Toners Cosmetology professionals are only allowed to use products that remove dead skin from the **Ans**Stratum corneum Salon alpha hydroxy acid exfoliant are often referred to as **Ans**Peels 9 The manual or chemical manipulation of the body by rubbing, kneading, or other movements is **Ans**Massage A light, continuous, stroking movement applied with the fingers or palms is **Ans**Effleurage Every massage should begin and end with which massage movement **Ans**Effleurage To provide a buffer for the skin when using a brushing machine, a poly a thick layer of cleaner or **Ans**Moisturizer The process of using galvanic current to enable water-soluble products that contain ions to penetrate the skin is **Ans**Iontophoresis During a light ray treatment, the client's eyes should be protected with **Ans**Cotton pads The therapeutic use of essentials oils for beauty and health treatment is **Ans**Aromatherapy One of the newest trends in makeup is a powder form of foundation, which is **Ans**Mineral powder Liquid and cream forms of foundation are a mixture of water and oil with coloring agents called **Ans**Pigments A thick foundation that is oil-based, sold in a jar or tin, and may or may not contain water is **Ans**Cream Any color that is significantly deeper or darker than the clients skin tone is considered a **Ans**Contour color Makeup brushes can be cleaned with a brush solvent or **Ans**Gentle shampoo The ideal eyebrow shape can be drawn in **Ans**Three lines 10 Total immersion of implements during disinfection is a requirement of the **Ans**EPA Natural nails should be filed **Ans**From sides to center A manicuring implement not designed for reuse on an additional client is a **Ans**Wooden pusher Nail products designed to soften dry skin around the nail plate and increase the flexibility of natural nail are **Ans**Creams and oils A colorless polish layer applied to the natural nail to improve the adhesion of polish is a **Ans**Base coat The relaxing massage movement that should be perfected, varied, and expertly used during the manicure is **Ans**Effleurage A chemical that should never be added to the footpath with the client's feet is **Ans**Disinfectant To avoid accidental eye exposure when pouring callus softeners, the nail proffesional should wear: **Ans**Safety eyewear A unique method of applying pressure with thumb and index fingers to the hands and feet is **Ans**Reflexology When filing the toenail during a pedicure, the nails should be filed **Ans**Straight across with rounded corners Shallow depressions that serve as contact points for nail tips and the natural nail are called **Ans**Wells Nail enhancements made by using nail-size pieces of cloth or paper are **Ans**Nail wraps 11 Too much powder in a mix ratio causes nail enhancements to cure incorrectly and become **Ans**Brittle and discolored Pre-formed nail extensions made from ABS or tenite acetate plastic are **Ans**Nail tips Proper maintenance of nail enhancements should be done every **Ans**2 to 3 weeks Wrap resins are called **Ans**Cyanoacrylates Traditionally, UV gels relied on urethane acrylate; newer gel systems use **Ans**Urethane methacrylates Client's who wish to wear colored polish over nail enhancements should use the **Ans**One-color method The amount of colored pigment concentration in a gel is called **Ans**Opacity A UV lamp used to cure UV gels should be **Ans**All of these answers are correct UV gel products are packaged in small, opaque pots or squeeze bottles for **Ans**Protection from UV exposure Depending on the usage, a typical UV light bulb should be changed **Ans**Two to three times per year UV gel polish is a relatively new system that evolved in the year **Ans**2000 Soft UV gels are also known as **Ans**Soakable gels 12 When contouring a UV gel nail enhancement, bevel down, stroking the file at a 45 degree Angle from **Ans**Top center dome to free edge Information that is contained on a resume should be relevant to **Ans**The position you are seeking After your salon visit, it Is customary to **Ans**Send a thank-you note Comparing answers from salon interview questions will help you choose **Ans**The best package of income and career development The most reliable method of compensation for a new salon professional is **Ans**Salary Informing clients about a product without stressing that they purchase it is a **Ans**Soft sell One of the best ways for a business owner to protect personal assets is **Ans**Incorporating The important job of booking appointments and greeting clients is generally the responsibility of the **Ans**Receptionist The applicant is eligible for a license if they have **Ans**Any one of these are correct To be eligible for a license, an applicant must **Ans**All are correct Each cosmetology establishment shall keep all products used in the conduct of their business property labeled in compliance with this federal agency;s requirements **Ans**OSHA To renew a license, an applicant must **Ans**All of these answers are correct To renew and maintain continuous licensure, you must **Ans**Meet all renewal requirements prior to the expiration of the license 13 Who are you required to notify if you change your address **Ans**TDLR Cosmetology services may be performed outside licensed salon, so long as **Ans**All are correct A license who leases space as an independent contractor on the premises of a cosmetology establishment to engage in any practice of cosmetology must obtain a **Ans**Booth rental permit A person whose license has been expired for more than 90 days but less than one year may renew the license by completing the usual renewal requirements and **Ans**Paying a late renewal fee equal to 2 t imes the normally required renewal fee A person whose license has been expired for one or more years may not renew their license, but may re apply for licensure by meeting all requirements for original licensure including **Ans**Paying the application fee and passing the written and practical licensure exams TDLR is required to inspect each salon or specialty shop in which the practice of cosmetology is performed at least **Ans**Once every two years TDLR is required to inspect each school in which cosmetology is taught at least **Ans**Twice per year Where in an establishment is a notice of TDLR's mailing address and telephone number for the purpose of directing complaints to the department required to be kept **Ans**In the reception are or other prominent are in public view New York chemist who introduced permanent hair color and founded clairol **Ans**Lawrence Gelb Period in history during which western civilization made the transition from medieval to modern history **Ans**Renaissance Pioneer in the modern African-American hair care and cosmetics industry **Ans**Sarah breedlove 14 Austere and restrictive period in British history, from 1837 and 1901 **Ans**Victorian age Mineral that is chief source of mercury, used to make vermillion **Ans**Cinnabar Name coined by beauty legend Noel DeCaprio **Ans**Day spa Modern version of the cold wave **Ans**Alkaline perm Inventor, in 1872, of the first curling iron **Ans**Marcel Grateau Number of viable organisms in or on the object or surface of organic material on a surface or object prior to decontamination **Ans**Bioburden Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms **Ans**Toxins Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria **Ans**Spirilla Process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores **Ans**Sterilization Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin, registered and regulated by the FDA **Ans**Antiseptics Round-shaped bacteria **Ans**Cocci Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi,and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces **Ans**Disinfectants Short rod-shaped bacteria **Ans**Bacilli Study of the structure, function, and diseases of the muscles **Ans**Mycology 15 Middle part of the muscle **Ans**Belly Collection of similar cells that perform a particular function **Ans**Tissue Scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system **Ans**Neurology Dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell **Ans**Nucleus Study of functions and activities performed by the body structures **Ans**Physiology Primary structural unit of the nervous system **Ans**Neuron Automatic nerve reaction to a stimulus that involves movement **Ans**Reflex Allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or substance **Ans**Sesitization Skin disorder characterized by light abnormal patches **Ans**Leukoderma Inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances **Ans**Contact dermatitis Small brown or flesh-colored outgrowth of the skin **Ans**Skin tag Large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum **Ans**Sebaceous cyst Abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape **Ans**Stain Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping **Ans**Excoriation 16 Common bacterial infection of the eyes **Ans**Conjunctivitis The scientific study of hair and its diseases and care **Ans**Trichology The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis **Ans**Hair root The outermost layer of hair **Ans**Cuticle An oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin **Ans**Sebum The growth phase, during which new hair is produced **Ans**Anagen The medical term for ringworm **Ans**Tinea Temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy **Ans**Postpartum alopecia The technical term for brittle hair **Ans**Fragilitas crinium Long, coiled, complex polypetides made of amino acids **Ans**Proteins Refers to the shape of the hair strand **Ans**Wave pattern Positioned between horizontal lines and vertical lines often used to emphasize or minimize facial features **Ans**Diagonal lines Lines moving in a circular or semi-circular direction, used to soften a design **Ans**Curved lines Lines with a definite forward or backward movement **Ans**Directional lines 17 Refers to wave patterns that must be taken into consideration when designing a style for a client **Ans**Design texture Established when an imaginary line is drawn through the center of the gave and two resulting halves of a hairstyle have an equal visual weight, but are positioned unevenly **Ans**Asymmetrical balance Also known as focus, in a design is what draws the eye first, before it travels to the rest of the design **Ans**Emphasis Face with a receding forehead and chin **Ans**Convex profile The triangular section that begins at the apex, or high point of the head, ad ends at the front corners **Ans**Fringe area 18