Inhoudsopgave
social identity theory.......................................................................................................... 3
introduction of the course................................................................................................3
social identity theory.......................................................................................................... 3
minimal group................................................................................................................. 3
Sit experiment 2: minimal group experiment...............................................................4
social identity theory....................................................................................................... 4
social categorization..................................................................................................... 4
social identity............................................................................................................... 4
social comparison......................................................................................................... 5
psychological group distincitveness.............................................................................5
understanding behavior................................................................................................... 5
hoorcollege 2: social identity theory 2maj..........................................................................6
Applying Social Identity Theory.......................................................................................6
Sit and black piet.......................................................................................................... 6
outgroup homogeneity.................................................................................................... 7
othering........................................................................................................................... 7
ways forward................................................................................................................... 8
hc 3 (12-9) realistic group conflict theory...........................................................................9
prejudice as a sense of group position.............................................................................9
realistic group conflict theory.......................................................................................... 9
what is realistic about the competition?.....................................................................10
is the competition real or only perceived....................................................................11
who is most likely to perceive competition.................................................................11
RGCT vs SIT................................................................................................................... 12
intergroup threat theory................................................................................................ 12
contact theory- part 1....................................................................................................... 13
allports contact hypothesis............................................................................................ 13
Early research............................................................................................................. 13
emperical support en causality......................................................................................14
paluck et al., 2019...................................................................................................... 15
underlying mechanisms................................................................................................. 16
RGCT vs. CONTACT THEORY.......................................................................................... 16
contact theory deel 2........................................................................................................ 17
assignment 1................................................................................................................. 17
deriving hypotheses...................................................................................................... 17
, when contact works: Generalization of contact.............................................................17
when contact fails: negative contact and the sedative effect........................................18
Rwa & sdo......................................................................................................................... 19
the authoritarian personality......................................................................................... 20
Problem 1: measurement........................................................................................... 20
problem 2: not only authoritarians show blind obediance..........................................20
right wing authoritarianism............................................................................................ 20
social dominace............................................................................................................. 21
social dominance orientation (SDO)...............................................................................22
Personality vs. group-based explanations......................................................................23
RWA & SDO (lecture 2)..................................................................................................... 24
sdo and rwa as ideologies.............................................................................................. 24
building blocks of SDO in childhood...............................................................................24
building blocks of RWA in childhood..............................................................................25
building blochs of SDO en RWA in children....................................................................26
SDT(social dominance theory) and intersectionality......................................................26
dehumanization................................................................................................................ 27
defining dehumanization............................................................................................... 27
subtle......................................................................................................................... 27
blatant dehumanization................................................................................................. 29
socialization...................................................................................................................... 31
understanding socialization........................................................................................... 31
socialization & childrens intergroup attitudes................................................................31
how socialization reduces prejudice..............................................................................32
SOCIALIZATION & ADOLESCENTS INTERGROUJP ATTITUDES..........................................33
socialization & young adults’ intergroup attitudes.........................................................34
measuring prejudice......................................................................................................... 34
prejudice stereotypes discrimination.............................................................................34
traditional prejudice measures......................................................................................35
new racism.................................................................................................................... 36
implicit prejudice measures........................................................................................... 37
voting for radical parties................................................................................................... 37
defininf the populist radical right...................................................................................37
what about the radical left?........................................................................................... 39
applying to trump.......................................................................................................... 40
bias of the left................................................................................................................... 41
political ideology............................................................................................................ 41
left wing autoritarianism................................................................................................ 41
, worldview conflict hypothesis........................................................................................41
equality of worldviews................................................................................................... 42
affective polarization..................................................................................................... 43
moral foundation theory................................................................................................... 43
motivation..................................................................................................................... 43
basic principles of MFT................................................................................................... 44
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
INTRODUCTION OF THE COURSE
Understand majority groups reaction to minorities
Social identity theory
Realistic group conflict theory and integrated threat theory
Contact theory
Socail ominance orientation
Right-wing authoritarianism
Socialization
Dehumanization
Moral foundations theory
Course topics:
How to measure prejudice
Vating for radical parties
Bias of left (the illusion is that only people on the right are discriminating)
Subordinate-male target hypothesis: meestal minority mannen die gediscrimineerd
owrden en niet minority vrouwen
Voor vragen:
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
MINIMAL GROUP
Group formation ingroup vs outgroup. Us vs them. Categorization process is a central
component of social identity theory
- Evolutionary perspective: necessary to distinguish friend and enemy
- Cognitive perspective: necessary to process large amount of information
Categorization:
- People search actibely for information
- People simplify processing all that information by ignoring certain differences and
emphasizing or even exaggerating certain similarities of that information.
Tajfel: how do people deal with categories?
, - People have to rate non-social stimuli
Line experiment, with categories or without
People overestimate the difference between lines when groups are assigned
Less variance within one category
Categorization of non-social stimuli: similarities within groups (homogeneity) and
differences between groups are over-emphasized. can this be generalized to social
stimuli
When people are drawing conclusions based ona ny random category
SIT EXPERIMENT 2: MINIMAL GROUP EXPERIMENT
Goal: manipulate social categorization as an independent variable:
- Step 1: generate social categorizationon basis of a trivial criterion
- Step 2: Let participants give rewards to members of their own and the other group
Conclusion minimal-group experiments
• People want to discriminate the other group and wants high profit for ingroup
members
• Group formation leads to discriminatory behavior (ingroup favoritism)
• Even if groups are formed on basis of a trivial category
• Tajfel: “Social categorization per se is a sufficient condition for the development of
intergroup bias” (discrimination in favor of the own group)
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
SIT: four central concepts
1. Social categorization
2. Social identity
3. Social comparison
4. Psychological group distinctiveness
SOCIAL CATEGORIZATION
Proces of bringing together social objects or events in groups which are equivalent with
regar to an indviduals actions, intentions and system of beliefs
- Similar to categorization of non-social stimuli:
- - use of any characteristic available
- Pereive more similarity within an dmore difference between categories
- Not just the basis of how we perceive the world, but also how we perceive
ourselves
SOCIAL IDENTITY
social identity theory.......................................................................................................... 3
introduction of the course................................................................................................3
social identity theory.......................................................................................................... 3
minimal group................................................................................................................. 3
Sit experiment 2: minimal group experiment...............................................................4
social identity theory....................................................................................................... 4
social categorization..................................................................................................... 4
social identity............................................................................................................... 4
social comparison......................................................................................................... 5
psychological group distincitveness.............................................................................5
understanding behavior................................................................................................... 5
hoorcollege 2: social identity theory 2maj..........................................................................6
Applying Social Identity Theory.......................................................................................6
Sit and black piet.......................................................................................................... 6
outgroup homogeneity.................................................................................................... 7
othering........................................................................................................................... 7
ways forward................................................................................................................... 8
hc 3 (12-9) realistic group conflict theory...........................................................................9
prejudice as a sense of group position.............................................................................9
realistic group conflict theory.......................................................................................... 9
what is realistic about the competition?.....................................................................10
is the competition real or only perceived....................................................................11
who is most likely to perceive competition.................................................................11
RGCT vs SIT................................................................................................................... 12
intergroup threat theory................................................................................................ 12
contact theory- part 1....................................................................................................... 13
allports contact hypothesis............................................................................................ 13
Early research............................................................................................................. 13
emperical support en causality......................................................................................14
paluck et al., 2019...................................................................................................... 15
underlying mechanisms................................................................................................. 16
RGCT vs. CONTACT THEORY.......................................................................................... 16
contact theory deel 2........................................................................................................ 17
assignment 1................................................................................................................. 17
deriving hypotheses...................................................................................................... 17
, when contact works: Generalization of contact.............................................................17
when contact fails: negative contact and the sedative effect........................................18
Rwa & sdo......................................................................................................................... 19
the authoritarian personality......................................................................................... 20
Problem 1: measurement........................................................................................... 20
problem 2: not only authoritarians show blind obediance..........................................20
right wing authoritarianism............................................................................................ 20
social dominace............................................................................................................. 21
social dominance orientation (SDO)...............................................................................22
Personality vs. group-based explanations......................................................................23
RWA & SDO (lecture 2)..................................................................................................... 24
sdo and rwa as ideologies.............................................................................................. 24
building blocks of SDO in childhood...............................................................................24
building blocks of RWA in childhood..............................................................................25
building blochs of SDO en RWA in children....................................................................26
SDT(social dominance theory) and intersectionality......................................................26
dehumanization................................................................................................................ 27
defining dehumanization............................................................................................... 27
subtle......................................................................................................................... 27
blatant dehumanization................................................................................................. 29
socialization...................................................................................................................... 31
understanding socialization........................................................................................... 31
socialization & childrens intergroup attitudes................................................................31
how socialization reduces prejudice..............................................................................32
SOCIALIZATION & ADOLESCENTS INTERGROUJP ATTITUDES..........................................33
socialization & young adults’ intergroup attitudes.........................................................34
measuring prejudice......................................................................................................... 34
prejudice stereotypes discrimination.............................................................................34
traditional prejudice measures......................................................................................35
new racism.................................................................................................................... 36
implicit prejudice measures........................................................................................... 37
voting for radical parties................................................................................................... 37
defininf the populist radical right...................................................................................37
what about the radical left?........................................................................................... 39
applying to trump.......................................................................................................... 40
bias of the left................................................................................................................... 41
political ideology............................................................................................................ 41
left wing autoritarianism................................................................................................ 41
, worldview conflict hypothesis........................................................................................41
equality of worldviews................................................................................................... 42
affective polarization..................................................................................................... 43
moral foundation theory................................................................................................... 43
motivation..................................................................................................................... 43
basic principles of MFT................................................................................................... 44
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
INTRODUCTION OF THE COURSE
Understand majority groups reaction to minorities
Social identity theory
Realistic group conflict theory and integrated threat theory
Contact theory
Socail ominance orientation
Right-wing authoritarianism
Socialization
Dehumanization
Moral foundations theory
Course topics:
How to measure prejudice
Vating for radical parties
Bias of left (the illusion is that only people on the right are discriminating)
Subordinate-male target hypothesis: meestal minority mannen die gediscrimineerd
owrden en niet minority vrouwen
Voor vragen:
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
MINIMAL GROUP
Group formation ingroup vs outgroup. Us vs them. Categorization process is a central
component of social identity theory
- Evolutionary perspective: necessary to distinguish friend and enemy
- Cognitive perspective: necessary to process large amount of information
Categorization:
- People search actibely for information
- People simplify processing all that information by ignoring certain differences and
emphasizing or even exaggerating certain similarities of that information.
Tajfel: how do people deal with categories?
, - People have to rate non-social stimuli
Line experiment, with categories or without
People overestimate the difference between lines when groups are assigned
Less variance within one category
Categorization of non-social stimuli: similarities within groups (homogeneity) and
differences between groups are over-emphasized. can this be generalized to social
stimuli
When people are drawing conclusions based ona ny random category
SIT EXPERIMENT 2: MINIMAL GROUP EXPERIMENT
Goal: manipulate social categorization as an independent variable:
- Step 1: generate social categorizationon basis of a trivial criterion
- Step 2: Let participants give rewards to members of their own and the other group
Conclusion minimal-group experiments
• People want to discriminate the other group and wants high profit for ingroup
members
• Group formation leads to discriminatory behavior (ingroup favoritism)
• Even if groups are formed on basis of a trivial category
• Tajfel: “Social categorization per se is a sufficient condition for the development of
intergroup bias” (discrimination in favor of the own group)
SOCIAL IDENTITY THEORY
SIT: four central concepts
1. Social categorization
2. Social identity
3. Social comparison
4. Psychological group distinctiveness
SOCIAL CATEGORIZATION
Proces of bringing together social objects or events in groups which are equivalent with
regar to an indviduals actions, intentions and system of beliefs
- Similar to categorization of non-social stimuli:
- - use of any characteristic available
- Pereive more similarity within an dmore difference between categories
- Not just the basis of how we perceive the world, but also how we perceive
ourselves
SOCIAL IDENTITY
