ATI Fundamentals of Nursing Exam
With Actual Questions & Verified
Answers,Plus Rationales/Expert
Verified For Guaranteed Pass
2025/2026 /Latest Update/Instant
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1. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Lubricate the catheter tip
b. Clean the urethral meatus
c. Perform hand hygiene
d. Don sterile gloves
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the first step in any procedure to reduce the risk of
infection transmission.
2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for a low-
sodium diet. Which food should the nurse recommend?
a. Canned soup
b. Fresh apple
c. Processed cheese
d. Smoked ham
Rationale: Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium, while canned and processed
foods typically contain high sodium levels.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen therapy. Which intervention
promotes safe use of oxygen?
a. Place petroleum jelly on lips
b. Keep oxygen away from open flames
c. Smoke in another room
d. Use cotton blankets
Rationale: Oxygen supports combustion, so it should be kept away from flames and
heat sources.
,4. Which of the following is the most accurate method for assessing a client’s fluid
balance?
a. Daily weights
b. Measuring urine output once per shift
c. Checking skin turgor
d. Monitoring blood pressure
Rationale: Daily weights provide the most accurate measurement of fluid balance
because small changes in weight reflect fluid gain or loss.
5. A nurse is using the nursing process. Which step involves setting measurable and
achievable client-centered goals?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Evaluation
Rationale: Planning includes setting priorities, identifying outcomes, and
establishing goals for patient care.
6. A nurse is repositioning a client who is immobile. Which of the following actions
helps prevent skin breakdown?
a. Repositioning every 4 hours
b. Using a draw sheet to move the client
c. Placing pillows directly under bony prominences
d. Keeping the skin clean and dry
Rationale: Moisture contributes to skin breakdown, so keeping the skin clean and
dry is essential.
7. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
a. Heart rate of 110 bpm
b. Temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F)
c. Skin is warm to touch
d. Client reports nausea
Rationale: Subjective data is what the patient states, such as symptoms or feelings.
8. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection in the ventrogluteal
site. Which landmark should the nurse use?
a. Deltoid muscle
b. Upper outer quadrant of buttocks
c. Two inches below acromion process
d. Greater trochanter and anterior superior iliac spine
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is located using the greater trochanter and
anterior superior iliac spine.
, 9. When teaching hand hygiene to a client, the nurse should include which instruction?
a. Wash hands for at least 10 seconds
b. Use hot water to kill bacteria
c. Rub hands together for at least 15–20 seconds
d. Dry hands with a shared towel
Rationale: The CDC recommends washing hands for at least 15–20 seconds with
friction to remove pathogens.
10. A nurse is caring for an older adult who is at risk for falls. Which intervention is most
appropriate?
a. Keep the side rails up on all sides
b. Place the bed in the highest position
c. Ensure adequate lighting in the room
d. Restrain the client when unattended
Rationale: Adequate lighting reduces fall risk by improving visibility, especially for
older adults.
11. A nurse is teaching a client about taking a new oral medication. Which statement
indicates understanding?
a. “I will stop taking it if I feel better after a few days.”
b. “I should take it at the same time every day.”
c. “I should double the dose if I miss one.”
d. “I only need to take it when I feel symptoms.”
Rationale: Taking medication at the same time daily maintains therapeutic levels in
the body.
12. Which action should a nurse take first when a client begins choking and cannot
speak?
a. Encourage coughing
b. Perform the Heimlich maneuver
c. Give water to swallow
d. Call the family
Rationale: Immediate intervention (Heimlich maneuver) is required to clear an
airway obstruction.
13. A nurse is caring for a client with a stage II pressure ulcer. Which finding should the
nurse expect?
a. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone
b. Partial-thickness loss with exposed dermis
c. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
d. Deep crater with necrotic tissue
Rationale: Stage II ulcers involve partial-thickness skin loss affecting the dermis.
With Actual Questions & Verified
Answers,Plus Rationales/Expert
Verified For Guaranteed Pass
2025/2026 /Latest Update/Instant
Download Pdf
1. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Lubricate the catheter tip
b. Clean the urethral meatus
c. Perform hand hygiene
d. Don sterile gloves
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the first step in any procedure to reduce the risk of
infection transmission.
2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for a low-
sodium diet. Which food should the nurse recommend?
a. Canned soup
b. Fresh apple
c. Processed cheese
d. Smoked ham
Rationale: Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium, while canned and processed
foods typically contain high sodium levels.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen therapy. Which intervention
promotes safe use of oxygen?
a. Place petroleum jelly on lips
b. Keep oxygen away from open flames
c. Smoke in another room
d. Use cotton blankets
Rationale: Oxygen supports combustion, so it should be kept away from flames and
heat sources.
,4. Which of the following is the most accurate method for assessing a client’s fluid
balance?
a. Daily weights
b. Measuring urine output once per shift
c. Checking skin turgor
d. Monitoring blood pressure
Rationale: Daily weights provide the most accurate measurement of fluid balance
because small changes in weight reflect fluid gain or loss.
5. A nurse is using the nursing process. Which step involves setting measurable and
achievable client-centered goals?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Evaluation
Rationale: Planning includes setting priorities, identifying outcomes, and
establishing goals for patient care.
6. A nurse is repositioning a client who is immobile. Which of the following actions
helps prevent skin breakdown?
a. Repositioning every 4 hours
b. Using a draw sheet to move the client
c. Placing pillows directly under bony prominences
d. Keeping the skin clean and dry
Rationale: Moisture contributes to skin breakdown, so keeping the skin clean and
dry is essential.
7. Which of the following is an example of subjective data?
a. Heart rate of 110 bpm
b. Temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F)
c. Skin is warm to touch
d. Client reports nausea
Rationale: Subjective data is what the patient states, such as symptoms or feelings.
8. A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection in the ventrogluteal
site. Which landmark should the nurse use?
a. Deltoid muscle
b. Upper outer quadrant of buttocks
c. Two inches below acromion process
d. Greater trochanter and anterior superior iliac spine
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is located using the greater trochanter and
anterior superior iliac spine.
, 9. When teaching hand hygiene to a client, the nurse should include which instruction?
a. Wash hands for at least 10 seconds
b. Use hot water to kill bacteria
c. Rub hands together for at least 15–20 seconds
d. Dry hands with a shared towel
Rationale: The CDC recommends washing hands for at least 15–20 seconds with
friction to remove pathogens.
10. A nurse is caring for an older adult who is at risk for falls. Which intervention is most
appropriate?
a. Keep the side rails up on all sides
b. Place the bed in the highest position
c. Ensure adequate lighting in the room
d. Restrain the client when unattended
Rationale: Adequate lighting reduces fall risk by improving visibility, especially for
older adults.
11. A nurse is teaching a client about taking a new oral medication. Which statement
indicates understanding?
a. “I will stop taking it if I feel better after a few days.”
b. “I should take it at the same time every day.”
c. “I should double the dose if I miss one.”
d. “I only need to take it when I feel symptoms.”
Rationale: Taking medication at the same time daily maintains therapeutic levels in
the body.
12. Which action should a nurse take first when a client begins choking and cannot
speak?
a. Encourage coughing
b. Perform the Heimlich maneuver
c. Give water to swallow
d. Call the family
Rationale: Immediate intervention (Heimlich maneuver) is required to clear an
airway obstruction.
13. A nurse is caring for a client with a stage II pressure ulcer. Which finding should the
nurse expect?
a. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone
b. Partial-thickness loss with exposed dermis
c. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
d. Deep crater with necrotic tissue
Rationale: Stage II ulcers involve partial-thickness skin loss affecting the dermis.
