Chapter 4: Theories of Personality and Psychopathology
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse leading parent education classes bases instruction on Eriksons developmental
stages. It follows that the nurse will plan to instruct the parents that a helpful strategy to
foster a childs initiative would be to:
a. Offer several different options for dressing and encourage the child to select
one of them.
b. Allow the child to help wash the unbreakable dishes used to serve
breakfast. c. Provide one-on-one parentchild time each evening before
bed.
d. Enroll the child in a weekend, age-appropriate sports program.
ANS: B
This strategy will allow the child to demonstrate initiative by washing dishes without
worrying about breakage. Making clothes selections is a strategy related to development
of autonomy.
Providing one-on-one time promotes trust. Age appropriate sports program is related to
competence.
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. Which of the following responses would the nurse expect from a 12-year-old regarding
stealing?
a. You are never allowed to steal.
b. You go to jail is you steal someone elses things.
c. My parents would punish me if I was caught stealing.
d. Stealing food when you dont have anything to eat is alright.
ANS: D
,Before the ages of 10 or 11 years, children consider moral dilemmas differently from older
children. For younger children, rules are absolute and come from an authority figure. Older
children learn that rules are changeable in certain situations. According to Piaget, younger
children base moral judgment on consequences, whereas older children base judgment on
motives.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. A nursing diagnosis of hopelessness would be considered for an individual who:
a. Was consistently overprotected by family members
b. Was raised by parents who were strict disciplinarians
c. Had inconsistent, unpredictable physical care as an infant
d. As a teenager always felt unaccepted by his social peers
ANS: C
HTTPS://PASINGGRADES.COM/
, A sense of hope is the outcome of Eriksons stage of trust versus mistrust. Inconsistent,
unpredictable, and discontinuous care would lead to hopelessness and to a mistrust of self and
the world. No data are given to support any of the other diagnoses.
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Psychosocial Integrity
4. An adolescent has been a consistently, poor academic student due to a learning disorder.
Which statement overheard by the nurse would support the possibility of a problem with the
developmental stage competence versus inferiority?
a. Its too hard to get good grades.
b. Ill never be able to get into a good college.
c. My parents are disappointed that I do so poorly in school.
d. I dont want people to know I can barely read or write.
ANS: B
According to Erikson and the stage of competence versus inferiority, during school years (6 to 12
years of age), children gain new knowledge, learn new skills, and grow more competent. If they
lack successes in learning or productivity, children may develop a sense of inferiority. The other
options reflect problems with autonomy and guilt.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Psychosocial Integrity
5. A parent is concerned with the interpersonal skills of her 12-year-old son. Based on
interpersonal theory, the nurse asks:
a. Does your son belong to team or club with friends or classmates?
b. Does he feel bad when he does something he knows he shouldnt do?
c. How does he tend to act when he doesnt get exactly what he wants?
HTTPS://PASINGGRADES.COM/
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse leading parent education classes bases instruction on Eriksons developmental
stages. It follows that the nurse will plan to instruct the parents that a helpful strategy to
foster a childs initiative would be to:
a. Offer several different options for dressing and encourage the child to select
one of them.
b. Allow the child to help wash the unbreakable dishes used to serve
breakfast. c. Provide one-on-one parentchild time each evening before
bed.
d. Enroll the child in a weekend, age-appropriate sports program.
ANS: B
This strategy will allow the child to demonstrate initiative by washing dishes without
worrying about breakage. Making clothes selections is a strategy related to development
of autonomy.
Providing one-on-one time promotes trust. Age appropriate sports program is related to
competence.
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. Which of the following responses would the nurse expect from a 12-year-old regarding
stealing?
a. You are never allowed to steal.
b. You go to jail is you steal someone elses things.
c. My parents would punish me if I was caught stealing.
d. Stealing food when you dont have anything to eat is alright.
ANS: D
,Before the ages of 10 or 11 years, children consider moral dilemmas differently from older
children. For younger children, rules are absolute and come from an authority figure. Older
children learn that rules are changeable in certain situations. According to Piaget, younger
children base moral judgment on consequences, whereas older children base judgment on
motives.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. A nursing diagnosis of hopelessness would be considered for an individual who:
a. Was consistently overprotected by family members
b. Was raised by parents who were strict disciplinarians
c. Had inconsistent, unpredictable physical care as an infant
d. As a teenager always felt unaccepted by his social peers
ANS: C
HTTPS://PASINGGRADES.COM/
, A sense of hope is the outcome of Eriksons stage of trust versus mistrust. Inconsistent,
unpredictable, and discontinuous care would lead to hopelessness and to a mistrust of self and
the world. No data are given to support any of the other diagnoses.
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Psychosocial Integrity
4. An adolescent has been a consistently, poor academic student due to a learning disorder.
Which statement overheard by the nurse would support the possibility of a problem with the
developmental stage competence versus inferiority?
a. Its too hard to get good grades.
b. Ill never be able to get into a good college.
c. My parents are disappointed that I do so poorly in school.
d. I dont want people to know I can barely read or write.
ANS: B
According to Erikson and the stage of competence versus inferiority, during school years (6 to 12
years of age), children gain new knowledge, learn new skills, and grow more competent. If they
lack successes in learning or productivity, children may develop a sense of inferiority. The other
options reflect problems with autonomy and guilt.
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance, Psychosocial Integrity
5. A parent is concerned with the interpersonal skills of her 12-year-old son. Based on
interpersonal theory, the nurse asks:
a. Does your son belong to team or club with friends or classmates?
b. Does he feel bad when he does something he knows he shouldnt do?
c. How does he tend to act when he doesnt get exactly what he wants?
HTTPS://PASINGGRADES.COM/
