Rasmussen
University
Exam 2 study
guide 1 for
Multidimensio
nal care
, NUR2356 Multidimensional Care 1 – Examination Blue-Print –
Exam 2
Pain
A. Assessment
B. Interventions
a. Non-pharmacological
b. Pharmacological
Joints
A. Body mechanics
1. Techniques for proper body mechanics
a. Describes how we move our body.
i. Body alignment
ii. Coordination
iii. Balance
iv. Joint mobility
b. Body alignment or posture.
• places the spine in a neutral (resting) position.
• Allows the bones to be aligned: reduces stress and fatigue: & muscles,
joints, and ligaments can work efficiently.
Causes of Poor Posture:
- Accidents, trauma or falls.
- Carless standing, sitting, and sleeping
- Excessive weight
- Foot problems or improper shoes
- Negative self-image
- Occupational stress
- Poor sleep support
- Poorly designed workspace.
- Visual difficulties
- Weak muscles or imbalance
- Skeletal misalignment or malformation.
2. Safe client handling
3. Devices for client transferring/ambulation
a. Transfer board: Wood or plastic device to assist with moving the patient
b. Mechanical Lift: hydraulic devices to transfer patients.
c. Transfer belt: Heavy belt several inches wide to facilitate transfer or
secure holding the patient while they ambulate.
i. Canes: Use for balance
1. Single ended with half circle handle: minimal support and
is able to do stairs.
, ii. Single ended with straight handle: better for hand weakness who
has good balance
iii. Multiprong: Better for balance
d. Walkers: Used for patients with fatigue or SOB causing mobility issues.
Not necessarily related to balance.
e. Crutches: Use for rehab
i. Forearm support: use for permanent limitation
ii. Axillary: Short and Long term, usually used after trauma or injury.
f.
4. Positioning terms- examples: Fowler’s, Semi-fowler’s, etc.
a. FOWLER (sitting)
i. Semi-fowler = 30°
ii. Promotes respiratory functions
iii. Lowers diagrams allowing better expansion.
iv. High Fowler = 45-90°
v. Helps cardiac dysfunction
vi. Orthopneic Position: patient leans forward to help with respiration.
vii. Used in shortness of breath (SOB).
b. Lateral Position (lying sideway)
i. Lateral recumbent = side-lying with legs in line
ii. Left lateral help with increasing blood flow to the heart if blood
pressure is low
c. Oblique position = lying semi to the side with leg slightly bent
i. may be helpful for reducing pain
d. Prone (lying on the stomach)
i. Allows better respiration and chest expansion, and it should be
use for short periods of time.
ii. Creates a significant lordosis
iii. Never use in patients with back surgery or injury.
1. Prone seen in patients with ARDs to help with lung
expansion and reduce atelectasis
e. Sims’ position (lying semi lateral and semi on the stomach)
i. Semi-prone
ii. Position for suppository, enema administration. Perineal procedures
iii. Facilitates mouth drainage, limits trochanter and sacrum pressure
f. Supine Position (lying on the back)
i. Dorsal recumbent- shoulders and head are elevated in pillows.
ii. Alignment should be in a comfortable position
iii. Usually used with spinal injury patients as the vertebrae needs to
be stable.
5. Fitness programs
University
Exam 2 study
guide 1 for
Multidimensio
nal care
, NUR2356 Multidimensional Care 1 – Examination Blue-Print –
Exam 2
Pain
A. Assessment
B. Interventions
a. Non-pharmacological
b. Pharmacological
Joints
A. Body mechanics
1. Techniques for proper body mechanics
a. Describes how we move our body.
i. Body alignment
ii. Coordination
iii. Balance
iv. Joint mobility
b. Body alignment or posture.
• places the spine in a neutral (resting) position.
• Allows the bones to be aligned: reduces stress and fatigue: & muscles,
joints, and ligaments can work efficiently.
Causes of Poor Posture:
- Accidents, trauma or falls.
- Carless standing, sitting, and sleeping
- Excessive weight
- Foot problems or improper shoes
- Negative self-image
- Occupational stress
- Poor sleep support
- Poorly designed workspace.
- Visual difficulties
- Weak muscles or imbalance
- Skeletal misalignment or malformation.
2. Safe client handling
3. Devices for client transferring/ambulation
a. Transfer board: Wood or plastic device to assist with moving the patient
b. Mechanical Lift: hydraulic devices to transfer patients.
c. Transfer belt: Heavy belt several inches wide to facilitate transfer or
secure holding the patient while they ambulate.
i. Canes: Use for balance
1. Single ended with half circle handle: minimal support and
is able to do stairs.
, ii. Single ended with straight handle: better for hand weakness who
has good balance
iii. Multiprong: Better for balance
d. Walkers: Used for patients with fatigue or SOB causing mobility issues.
Not necessarily related to balance.
e. Crutches: Use for rehab
i. Forearm support: use for permanent limitation
ii. Axillary: Short and Long term, usually used after trauma or injury.
f.
4. Positioning terms- examples: Fowler’s, Semi-fowler’s, etc.
a. FOWLER (sitting)
i. Semi-fowler = 30°
ii. Promotes respiratory functions
iii. Lowers diagrams allowing better expansion.
iv. High Fowler = 45-90°
v. Helps cardiac dysfunction
vi. Orthopneic Position: patient leans forward to help with respiration.
vii. Used in shortness of breath (SOB).
b. Lateral Position (lying sideway)
i. Lateral recumbent = side-lying with legs in line
ii. Left lateral help with increasing blood flow to the heart if blood
pressure is low
c. Oblique position = lying semi to the side with leg slightly bent
i. may be helpful for reducing pain
d. Prone (lying on the stomach)
i. Allows better respiration and chest expansion, and it should be
use for short periods of time.
ii. Creates a significant lordosis
iii. Never use in patients with back surgery or injury.
1. Prone seen in patients with ARDs to help with lung
expansion and reduce atelectasis
e. Sims’ position (lying semi lateral and semi on the stomach)
i. Semi-prone
ii. Position for suppository, enema administration. Perineal procedures
iii. Facilitates mouth drainage, limits trochanter and sacrum pressure
f. Supine Position (lying on the back)
i. Dorsal recumbent- shoulders and head are elevated in pillows.
ii. Alignment should be in a comfortable position
iii. Usually used with spinal injury patients as the vertebrae needs to
be stable.
5. Fitness programs
