NSG 6005 Pharmacology Week 4/Resp,
5/Cardiac & Statins MidTerm Exam 5
|100% pass.
What assessments should be made before prescribing any antihypertensive agent? - ✓✓ Answer • BP
(confirmation of elevated BP at three different times), & head to toe assessment
• LABS: electrolytes (Na and K level; serum Ca); blood glucose and hematocrit; Lipid profile; Renal function
(creatinine and BUN levels); urinalysis, albumin or albumin/creatinine ratio.
• Assess diet (sodium intake)
• children >3yrs should be assessed @ least once at every visit - preferred method for children is by
auscultation, using a cuff that is appropriate to the child's upper arm.
• 12 lead ekg
• diabetics or those with renal disease should have the albumin/creatinine ratio annually. Presence of
albuminuria, micro albuminuria even in the setting of normal glomerular filtration rate is associated with
increased cardiovascular risk
Q: Why are ACE inhibitors the drug of choice in diabetic patients with hypertension? - ✓✓ Answer • ACE
inhibitors will improve insulin's sensitivity; as well as reduce the effects of diabetes on the kidneys
• "Protect the Kidney's" - watch for renal function, any creatinine > 2.5 requires dose reduction!
• Prevents diabetic nephropathy or slow its progression,
• Reduce albuminuria and BP.
• ACE or ARBs should be used to treat the HTN.
• Renal protection; reduces the conversion of AT II and improve the insulin sensitivity
Q: ACE inhibitors are a central part of the treatment of heart failure because they have more than one action
to address the pathological changes in this disorder. Which of the following pathological changes in heart
failure is NOT addressed by ACE inhibitors? - ✓✓ Answer Activation of the sympathetic nervous system that
increases heart rate and preload.
1|Page
, Q: Heart failure is a leading cause of death and hospitalization in older adults (greater than 65 years old). The
drug of choice for this population is: - ✓✓ Answer ACE inhibitors
Q: ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy. While treatment of heart failure during pregnancy is best
done by a specialist, which of the following drug classes are considered to be safe, at least in the later parts of
pregnancy? - ✓✓ Answer Beta blockers
Q: Patients who have angina, regardless of Class, who are also diabetic, should be on: - ✓✓ Answer ACE
inhibitors
Q: Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an ACE inhibitor is determined to be needed. Prior to
prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for: - ✓✓ Answer Decreased renal function
Q: ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic patients because they: - ✓✓
Answer Improve insulin sensitivity
Improve renal hemodynamics
Reduce the production of angiotensin II
Q: A potentially life-threatening adverse response to ACE inhibitors is angioedema. Which of the following
statements is true about this adverse response? - ✓✓ Answer Swelling of the tongue or hoarseness are the
most common symptoms.
Q: ACE inhibitors are useful in a variety of disorders. Which of the following statements are true about both its
usefulness in the disorder and the reason for its use? - ✓✓ Answer Stable angina because it decreases the
thickening of vascular walls to decreased MOD.
Heart failure because it reduces remodeling of injured myocardial tissues.
2|Page
5/Cardiac & Statins MidTerm Exam 5
|100% pass.
What assessments should be made before prescribing any antihypertensive agent? - ✓✓ Answer • BP
(confirmation of elevated BP at three different times), & head to toe assessment
• LABS: electrolytes (Na and K level; serum Ca); blood glucose and hematocrit; Lipid profile; Renal function
(creatinine and BUN levels); urinalysis, albumin or albumin/creatinine ratio.
• Assess diet (sodium intake)
• children >3yrs should be assessed @ least once at every visit - preferred method for children is by
auscultation, using a cuff that is appropriate to the child's upper arm.
• 12 lead ekg
• diabetics or those with renal disease should have the albumin/creatinine ratio annually. Presence of
albuminuria, micro albuminuria even in the setting of normal glomerular filtration rate is associated with
increased cardiovascular risk
Q: Why are ACE inhibitors the drug of choice in diabetic patients with hypertension? - ✓✓ Answer • ACE
inhibitors will improve insulin's sensitivity; as well as reduce the effects of diabetes on the kidneys
• "Protect the Kidney's" - watch for renal function, any creatinine > 2.5 requires dose reduction!
• Prevents diabetic nephropathy or slow its progression,
• Reduce albuminuria and BP.
• ACE or ARBs should be used to treat the HTN.
• Renal protection; reduces the conversion of AT II and improve the insulin sensitivity
Q: ACE inhibitors are a central part of the treatment of heart failure because they have more than one action
to address the pathological changes in this disorder. Which of the following pathological changes in heart
failure is NOT addressed by ACE inhibitors? - ✓✓ Answer Activation of the sympathetic nervous system that
increases heart rate and preload.
1|Page
, Q: Heart failure is a leading cause of death and hospitalization in older adults (greater than 65 years old). The
drug of choice for this population is: - ✓✓ Answer ACE inhibitors
Q: ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy. While treatment of heart failure during pregnancy is best
done by a specialist, which of the following drug classes are considered to be safe, at least in the later parts of
pregnancy? - ✓✓ Answer Beta blockers
Q: Patients who have angina, regardless of Class, who are also diabetic, should be on: - ✓✓ Answer ACE
inhibitors
Q: Ray has been diagnosed with hypertension and an ACE inhibitor is determined to be needed. Prior to
prescribing this drug, the NP should assess for: - ✓✓ Answer Decreased renal function
Q: ACE inhibitors are the drug of choice in treating hypertension in diabetic patients because they: - ✓✓
Answer Improve insulin sensitivity
Improve renal hemodynamics
Reduce the production of angiotensin II
Q: A potentially life-threatening adverse response to ACE inhibitors is angioedema. Which of the following
statements is true about this adverse response? - ✓✓ Answer Swelling of the tongue or hoarseness are the
most common symptoms.
Q: ACE inhibitors are useful in a variety of disorders. Which of the following statements are true about both its
usefulness in the disorder and the reason for its use? - ✓✓ Answer Stable angina because it decreases the
thickening of vascular walls to decreased MOD.
Heart failure because it reduces remodeling of injured myocardial tissues.
2|Page
