Campbell Biology Chapter 11 / Real Exam Questions
with Correct Answers, A+ Score Solutions.
signal transduction pathway - (ANSWER)the process by which a signal on a cell's
surface is converted into a specific cellular response
biofilm - (ANSWER)A microbial community that usually forms as a slimy layer on a
surface
local regulators - (ANSWER)Messenger molecules secreted by the signaling cell
which only travel short distance and influence cells in the local vicinity
growth factor - (ANSWER)one of a group of external regulatory proteins that
stimulate the growth and division of cells
paracrine signaling - (ANSWER)a type of local signaling where the target cell is
close to the signal-releasing cell
synaptic signaling - (ANSWER)a type of local signaling specific to
neurotransmitters in nerve cells
hormones - (ANSWER)chemical messengers, mostly those manufactured by the
endocrine glands, that are produced in one tissue and affect another
long-distance signaling - (ANSWER)cell is secreting a hormone and the hormone
must travel through the blood stream to reach its target place.
, 3 stages of cell signaling - (ANSWER)1. reception
2. transduction
3. response
Earl Sutherland - (ANSWER)1971 Nobel Prize (In Med): discovered cAMP as a
second messenger while studying effects of epinephrine on phosphorylase.
reception - (ANSWER)the target cell's detection of a signal molecule coming from
outside the cell
transduction - (ANSWER)in cellular communication, the conversion of a signal
from outside the cell to a form that can bring about a specific cellular response
signal transduction pathway - (ANSWER)A series of steps linking a mechanical or
chemical stimulus to a specific cellular response.
relay molecule - (ANSWER)molecule in a signal transduction pathway
response - (ANSWER)In cellular communication, the change in a specific cellular
activity brought about by a transduced signal from outside the cell.
ligand - (ANSWER)A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another
molecule.
with Correct Answers, A+ Score Solutions.
signal transduction pathway - (ANSWER)the process by which a signal on a cell's
surface is converted into a specific cellular response
biofilm - (ANSWER)A microbial community that usually forms as a slimy layer on a
surface
local regulators - (ANSWER)Messenger molecules secreted by the signaling cell
which only travel short distance and influence cells in the local vicinity
growth factor - (ANSWER)one of a group of external regulatory proteins that
stimulate the growth and division of cells
paracrine signaling - (ANSWER)a type of local signaling where the target cell is
close to the signal-releasing cell
synaptic signaling - (ANSWER)a type of local signaling specific to
neurotransmitters in nerve cells
hormones - (ANSWER)chemical messengers, mostly those manufactured by the
endocrine glands, that are produced in one tissue and affect another
long-distance signaling - (ANSWER)cell is secreting a hormone and the hormone
must travel through the blood stream to reach its target place.
, 3 stages of cell signaling - (ANSWER)1. reception
2. transduction
3. response
Earl Sutherland - (ANSWER)1971 Nobel Prize (In Med): discovered cAMP as a
second messenger while studying effects of epinephrine on phosphorylase.
reception - (ANSWER)the target cell's detection of a signal molecule coming from
outside the cell
transduction - (ANSWER)in cellular communication, the conversion of a signal
from outside the cell to a form that can bring about a specific cellular response
signal transduction pathway - (ANSWER)A series of steps linking a mechanical or
chemical stimulus to a specific cellular response.
relay molecule - (ANSWER)molecule in a signal transduction pathway
response - (ANSWER)In cellular communication, the change in a specific cellular
activity brought about by a transduced signal from outside the cell.
ligand - (ANSWER)A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site of another
molecule.
