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Mitocondrias
Mitocondrias y cloroplasto: generalidades


○ Hace una síntesis e ciente de ATP acoplado a un sistema de membrana
(fosforilación oxidativa/fotosintesis).
○ ~ 2x10(9) años de metabolismo aeróbico (fotosíntesis dependiente de H2O).
○ Origen del endosimbiótico: es una célula arquea, en evolución, anaeróbica con:
◆ Bacteria púrpura fotosintética (Mitocondrias ~1,5x10(9).
◆ Cianobacteria (cloroplasto)
◇ Tiene un genoma propio.
◇ Tiene características similares a las procariotas.


Teoría de la endosimbiosis

=
Son organillos que se pueden
ver en los microscopios ópticos




/




fi

, Mitocondrias: sus microbellosidades del epitelio son los lamentos intermedios.
○ Son eucariotas; unicelulares o pluricelulares.
○ Son cilindros alargados y tienen un tamaño similar a las bacterias (9,5- Mm ).
○ Su número varía según el tipo de célula.
◆ Función:
◇ Genera energía (síntesis de ATP).
◆ Estructura:
◇ Membrana externa.
◇ Membrana interna.
◇ Espacio intermembrana.
◇ Matriz mitocondrial.




* Membrana
interna




Gran plasticidad y dinamismo: el 80% de las Mitocondrias son microtúbulos y lamentos
de actina.
Filamentos moleculares de actina
Mitocondrias Microtúbulos




1
Se asocia al axonema, a la activa, a las
mitocondrias y la tubulina.
fi
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