Exam 4: NSG300 / NSG 300 (Latest 2024 /
.
2025 Update) Foundations of Nursing Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - GCU
1. What is the first step in performing a health assessment on a patient?
a. Review the patient’s chart
b. Introduce yourself and explain the process
c. Begin with vital signs
d. Inspect the patient’s skin
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Introducing yourself and explaining the process builds trust and
ensures patient comfort before assessment begins. Relevance: Establishes therapeutic
communication, a core nursing skill.
2. What is a normal finding during a respiratory assessment?
a. Crackles in the lower lobes
b. Symmetrical chest expansion
c. Wheezing on inspiration
d. Decreased breath sounds
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Symmetrical chest expansion indicates normal lung function and
no respiratory obstruction. Relevance: Nurses assess respiratory patterns to identify
abnormalities.
3. What is a hallmark symptom of left-sided heart failure?
a. Peripheral edema
b. Pulmonary congestion
c. Hepatomegaly
d. Ascites
,Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Left-sided heart failure causes blood to back up into the lungs,
leading to pulmonary congestion, dyspnea, and crackles. Relevance: Nurses prioritize
respiratory assessment in heart failure.
4. What medication is commonly used to reduce preload in heart failure?
a. Metoprolol
b. Furosemide
c. Digoxin
d. Lisinopril
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, reduces fluid volume, decreasing
preload. Relevance: Nurses monitor for diuretic effects and electrolyte imbalances.
5. What is the priority nursing action for a patient with suspected myocardial
infarction?
a. Administer aspirin
b. Obtain an ECG
c. Provide oxygen
d. Start IV fluids
Correct Answer: c
Expert-Verified Explanation: Oxygen improves myocardial oxygenation, addressing hypoxia
in acute coronary syndrome. Relevance: Prioritizes patient stabilization.
6. What is a common sign of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
a. Barrel chest
b. Bradypnea
c. Clear lung sounds
d. Hypotension
Correct Answer: a
Expert-Verified Explanation: Barrel chest results from chronic air trapping in COPD.
Relevance: Nurses assess for structural changes in respiratory disorders.
, 7. What is the priority intervention for a patient with an acute asthma attack?
a. Administer albuterol via nebulizer
b. Encourage deep breathing exercises
c. Obtain a chest X-ray
d. Administer oral corticosteroids
Correct Answer: a
Expert-Verified Explanation: Albuterol, a bronchodilator, rapidly relieves bronchospasm.
Relevance: Ensures airway patency in acute respiratory distress.
8. What is the correct sequence for handwashing in infection control?
a. Wet hands, apply soap, rinse, dry
b. Apply soap, wet hands, rinse, dry
c. Wet hands, rinse, apply soap, dry
d. Apply soap, rinse, wet hands, dry
Correct Answer: a
Expert-Verified Explanation: Wetting hands first allows soap to lather effectively, followed by
rinsing and drying to remove pathogens. Relevance: Prevents healthcare-associated infections.
9. What is the minimum handwashing duration to ensure infection control?
a. 10 seconds
b. 20 seconds
c. 30 seconds
d. 40 seconds
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: At least 20 seconds of handwashing with soap effectively
removes pathogens. Relevance: Critical for maintaining a sterile environment.
10. What precaution is required for a patient with active tuberculosis?
a. Contact precautions
b. Droplet precautions
c. Airborne precautions
d. Standard precautions
.
2025 Update) Foundations of Nursing Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers | 100%
Correct | Grade A - GCU
1. What is the first step in performing a health assessment on a patient?
a. Review the patient’s chart
b. Introduce yourself and explain the process
c. Begin with vital signs
d. Inspect the patient’s skin
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Introducing yourself and explaining the process builds trust and
ensures patient comfort before assessment begins. Relevance: Establishes therapeutic
communication, a core nursing skill.
2. What is a normal finding during a respiratory assessment?
a. Crackles in the lower lobes
b. Symmetrical chest expansion
c. Wheezing on inspiration
d. Decreased breath sounds
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Symmetrical chest expansion indicates normal lung function and
no respiratory obstruction. Relevance: Nurses assess respiratory patterns to identify
abnormalities.
3. What is a hallmark symptom of left-sided heart failure?
a. Peripheral edema
b. Pulmonary congestion
c. Hepatomegaly
d. Ascites
,Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Left-sided heart failure causes blood to back up into the lungs,
leading to pulmonary congestion, dyspnea, and crackles. Relevance: Nurses prioritize
respiratory assessment in heart failure.
4. What medication is commonly used to reduce preload in heart failure?
a. Metoprolol
b. Furosemide
c. Digoxin
d. Lisinopril
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, reduces fluid volume, decreasing
preload. Relevance: Nurses monitor for diuretic effects and electrolyte imbalances.
5. What is the priority nursing action for a patient with suspected myocardial
infarction?
a. Administer aspirin
b. Obtain an ECG
c. Provide oxygen
d. Start IV fluids
Correct Answer: c
Expert-Verified Explanation: Oxygen improves myocardial oxygenation, addressing hypoxia
in acute coronary syndrome. Relevance: Prioritizes patient stabilization.
6. What is a common sign of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
a. Barrel chest
b. Bradypnea
c. Clear lung sounds
d. Hypotension
Correct Answer: a
Expert-Verified Explanation: Barrel chest results from chronic air trapping in COPD.
Relevance: Nurses assess for structural changes in respiratory disorders.
, 7. What is the priority intervention for a patient with an acute asthma attack?
a. Administer albuterol via nebulizer
b. Encourage deep breathing exercises
c. Obtain a chest X-ray
d. Administer oral corticosteroids
Correct Answer: a
Expert-Verified Explanation: Albuterol, a bronchodilator, rapidly relieves bronchospasm.
Relevance: Ensures airway patency in acute respiratory distress.
8. What is the correct sequence for handwashing in infection control?
a. Wet hands, apply soap, rinse, dry
b. Apply soap, wet hands, rinse, dry
c. Wet hands, rinse, apply soap, dry
d. Apply soap, rinse, wet hands, dry
Correct Answer: a
Expert-Verified Explanation: Wetting hands first allows soap to lather effectively, followed by
rinsing and drying to remove pathogens. Relevance: Prevents healthcare-associated infections.
9. What is the minimum handwashing duration to ensure infection control?
a. 10 seconds
b. 20 seconds
c. 30 seconds
d. 40 seconds
Correct Answer: b
Expert-Verified Explanation: At least 20 seconds of handwashing with soap effectively
removes pathogens. Relevance: Critical for maintaining a sterile environment.
10. What precaution is required for a patient with active tuberculosis?
a. Contact precautions
b. Droplet precautions
c. Airborne precautions
d. Standard precautions
