BRUNNER CHAPTER 17 PREOPERATIVE NURSING

BRUNNER CHAPTER 17 PREOPERATIVE NURSING QUESTIONS , CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS AND RATIONALE 100% PASS A patient is admitted to the ED complaining of severe abdominal pain, stating that he has been vomiting coffee ground like emesis. The patient is diagnosed with a perforated gastric ulcer and is informed that he needs surgery. When can the patient most likely anticipate that the surgery will be scheduled? A) Within 24 hours B) Within the next week C) Without delay because the bleed is emergent D) As soon as all the day's elective surgeries have been completed Answer Ans: C Rationale: Emergency surgeries are unplanned and occur with little time for preparation for the patient or the perioperative team. An active bleed is considered an emergency, and the patient requires immediate attention because the disorder may be life threatening. The surgery would not likely be deferred until after elective surgeries have been completed. The nurse is performing a preoperative assessment on a patient going to surgery. The patient informs the nurse that he drinks approximately two bottles of wine each day and has for the last several years. What postoperative difficulties can the nurse anticipate for this patient? A) Alcohol withdrawal syndrome immediately following surgery B) Alcohol withdrawal syndrome 2 to 4 days after his last alcohol drink C) Alcohol withdrawal syndrome upon administration of general anesthesia D) Alcohol withdrawal syndrome 1 week after his last alcohol drink Answer Ans: B Rationale: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome may be anticipated between 48 and 96 hours after alcohol withdrawal and is associated with a significant mortality rate when it occurs postoperatively. In anticipation of a patient's scheduled surgery, the nurse is teaching her to perform deep breathing and coughing to use postoperatively. What action should the nurse teach the patient? A) The patient should take three deep breaths and cough hard three times, at least every 15 minutes for the immediately postoperative period. B) The patient should take three deep breaths and exhale forcefully and then take a quick short breath and cough from deep in the lungs. C) The patient should take a deep breath in through the mouth and exhale through the mouth, take a short breath, and cough from deep in the lungs. D) The patient should rapidly inhale, hold for 30 seconds or as long as possible, and exhale slowly. Answer Ans: C Rationale: The patient assumes a sitting position to enhance lung expansion. The nurse then demonstrates how to take a deep, slow breath and how to exhale slowly. After practicing deep breathing several times, the patient is instructed to breathe deeply, exhale through the mouth, take a short breath, and cough from deep in the lungs.