MCPHS A&P 1 - Exam 1 Latest Update Questions
with Correct Answers|Pass 100%
-Blasts - Correct Answers-Create the matrix
-Clasts - Correct Answers-Break the matrix down for remodeling
-Cytes - Correct Answers-Maintain the matrix
7-dehydrocholesterol - Correct Answers-Converts to cholecalciferol when exposed to UV
radiation; cholecalciferol released to blood and modified in the liver and kidneys to form
calcitriol (active form of vitamin D)
Abdomen (front of body) - Correct Answers-Abdominal (abdomen), umbilical (navel)
Abdominopelvic Cavity - Correct Answers-Abdominal (digestive organs; stomach, intestines,
liver, spleen) and pelvic (urinary bladder, urethra, rectum, reproductive organs)
Accessory Skin Structure: Hair - Correct Answers-Found everywhere except palms, soles, lips,
nipples, parts of external genitalia, and distal segments of fingers and toes; has a shaft and root;
3 concentric layers: medulla, cortex, and cuticle
Accessory Skin Structure: Nails - Correct Answers-Grow continuously unlike hair (fingernails
grow faster than toenails at about 0.5-1.2 mm/day); has a nail body, eponychium/cuticle,
hyponychium; matrix/nail bed; and nail root
Accessory Skin Structures: Glands - Correct Answers-Organs or tissues in the body that
create chemicals that control many of our bodily functions; Includes sebaceous, sweat
(sudoriferous), eccrine (merocrine), apocrine, ceruminous, and mammary glands
Acid - Correct Answers-A proton donor or any substance that releases hydrogen ions
Acidic - Correct Answers-A greater [ ] of hydrogen ions
Acinar/Alveolar Duct - Correct Answers-Sac-like structure
Actin Filaments (Microfilaments) - Correct Answers-Structure support for microvilli,
contractility, and movement
Activation Energy - Correct Answers-Minimum energy reactants must have to start a
chemical reaction
,Active Membrane Transport - Correct Answers-Requires ATP; substances can be moved
against their concentration gradient, allowing the substance to accumulate on one side of the
plasma membrane; rate of transportation depends on concentration of substrate and
concentration of ATP (ex: Na+/K+ pump)
Active Sites - Correct Answers-3D shape where reactants attach; lock-and-key and induced fit
model
Active Transport - Correct Answers-Active transport and secondary active transport
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) - Correct Answers-Result plus oxygen of removing the third
phosphate from ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - Correct Answers-Energy currency of the body; provides
energy for other chemical reactions such as anabolism or drives cell processes such as muscle
contraction
Adhesion Belt - Correct Answers-Compose of glycoproteins that act as a weak glue to hold
cells together; found just below tight junctions
Adhesive molecules - Correct Answers-Hold proteoglycan aggregates together;
chondronectin in cartilage, osteonectin in bone, and fibronectin in fibrous connective tissue
Adipose or Fat Cells (Adipocytes) - Correct Answers-Common in some tissue (dermis of skin);
rare in some (cartilage)
Adipose Tissue - Correct Answers-Predominant cells are adipocytes; yellow (white) or brown
Albinoism - Correct Answers-Deficiency or absence of pigment; production determined by
genetics, hormones, exposure to light
Alkaline (Basic) - Correct Answers-A greater [ ] of hydroxide ions
Amino Acids - Correct Answers-Building blocks of protein
Anabolism (Synthesis Reaction) - Correct Answers-Chemical bonds are made
Anabolosim - Correct Answers-Collective term for synthesis reactions in body
Anaphase - Correct Answers-Spindles separate the chromatids, cytokinesis begins
Anatomical Position - Correct Answers-Body erect, face forward, feet together, palms face
forward
Anatomy - Correct Answers-Scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure
,Anions - Correct Answers-Are negatively charged ions
Anterior (Ventral) vs Posterior (Dorsal) - Correct Answers-Anterior is forward; posterior is
toward the back
Antiporters - Correct Answers-Move two ions or molecules in opposite directions at the
same time
Apocrine Glands - Correct Answers-Active at puberty; compound coiled tubular, usually open
into hair follicles; superficial opening of sebaceous gland; secretion of organic compounds that
are odorless, but when acted upon by bacteria, may become odiferous; found in axillae
(external labia, scrotum) and around anus
Apocrine Secretion - Correct Answers-Pinched of fragments of gland cells containing
secretory products pinched off the cell
Aquaporins - Correct Answers-Water channels
Areolar Connective Tissue - Correct Answers-Loose packing material of most organs and
tissues (glands muscles and nerves); aka stroma; attaches skin to underlying structures; contains
collagen, reticular, elastic fibers, and all 5 types of cells, often seen in association with other
types of CT like reticular tissues and fat; cells include fibroblasts, mast cells, lymphocytes,
adipose cells and macrophages
Arrector Pili - Correct Answers-Type of smooth muscle; muscular contraction causes hair to
"stand on end"; skin pushes up by movement of hair follicle
Atom - Correct Answers-Smallest particle of an element that has chemical characteristics of
that element; composed of subatomic particles
Atomic Mass - Correct Answers-Average mass of normally occurring isotopes
Atomic Number - Correct Answers-Equal to the number of protons in each atom
ATP-Powered Pumps - Correct Answers-Require ATP; the use of energy allows the cell to
accumulate substances; rate of transport depends on concentration of substrate and on
concentration of ATP.
Autopsy - Correct Answers-Examination of organs of a dead body to determine cause of
death
Avagrado's Number - Correct Answers-6.022 X 10^23 which represents the number of
particles in a mole
, Axon - Correct Answers-Cell process; conducts impulses away from cell body; usually only
one per neuron
Base - Correct Answers-A proton acceptor or any substance that binds to or accepts
hydrogen ions
Biomedical Research - Correct Answers-Shared characteristics between living things drive
research
Biopsy - Correct Answers-Removal of tissues for diagnostic purposes
Blood - Correct Answers-Is a mixture, solution, and colloid
Brown Adipose Tissue - Correct Answers-Found only in specific areas of the body (axillae,
neck, and near kidneys); cells are polygonal in shape, have a considerable volume of cytoplasm,
and contain multiple lipid droplets of varying size; nuclei are round and almost centrally located
Buffer - Correct Answers-A solution of a conjugate acid-base pair in which acid and bases
components occur in similar concentrations
Burn - Correct Answers-Partial thickness (1st and 2nd degree); full thickness (3rd degree);
fourth degree burns affect deeper structured
Callus - Correct Answers-Increase in the number of layers in Stratum Corneum; when this
occurs over a bony prominence, a corn will form
Carbohydrates - Correct Answers-Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; energy source
and structure; divided into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) - Correct Answers-Produced during the catabolism of organic
compounds; metabolic waste product; combines w/ H₂O in plasms and forms H+ thus affecting
acid-base balance
Cardiac Muscle - Correct Answers-Muscle of the heart; striated and involuntary; cylindrical
w/ single centrally located nucleus connected by undercalculated disks with gap junctions
Cardiovascular Physiology - Correct Answers-The heart and blood vessels
Cardiovascular System - Correct Answers-Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
Cardiovascular System Functions - Correct Answers-Transports nutrients, waste products,
gases, and hormones throughout the body; plays a role in the immune response and regulation
of body temperature
with Correct Answers|Pass 100%
-Blasts - Correct Answers-Create the matrix
-Clasts - Correct Answers-Break the matrix down for remodeling
-Cytes - Correct Answers-Maintain the matrix
7-dehydrocholesterol - Correct Answers-Converts to cholecalciferol when exposed to UV
radiation; cholecalciferol released to blood and modified in the liver and kidneys to form
calcitriol (active form of vitamin D)
Abdomen (front of body) - Correct Answers-Abdominal (abdomen), umbilical (navel)
Abdominopelvic Cavity - Correct Answers-Abdominal (digestive organs; stomach, intestines,
liver, spleen) and pelvic (urinary bladder, urethra, rectum, reproductive organs)
Accessory Skin Structure: Hair - Correct Answers-Found everywhere except palms, soles, lips,
nipples, parts of external genitalia, and distal segments of fingers and toes; has a shaft and root;
3 concentric layers: medulla, cortex, and cuticle
Accessory Skin Structure: Nails - Correct Answers-Grow continuously unlike hair (fingernails
grow faster than toenails at about 0.5-1.2 mm/day); has a nail body, eponychium/cuticle,
hyponychium; matrix/nail bed; and nail root
Accessory Skin Structures: Glands - Correct Answers-Organs or tissues in the body that
create chemicals that control many of our bodily functions; Includes sebaceous, sweat
(sudoriferous), eccrine (merocrine), apocrine, ceruminous, and mammary glands
Acid - Correct Answers-A proton donor or any substance that releases hydrogen ions
Acidic - Correct Answers-A greater [ ] of hydrogen ions
Acinar/Alveolar Duct - Correct Answers-Sac-like structure
Actin Filaments (Microfilaments) - Correct Answers-Structure support for microvilli,
contractility, and movement
Activation Energy - Correct Answers-Minimum energy reactants must have to start a
chemical reaction
,Active Membrane Transport - Correct Answers-Requires ATP; substances can be moved
against their concentration gradient, allowing the substance to accumulate on one side of the
plasma membrane; rate of transportation depends on concentration of substrate and
concentration of ATP (ex: Na+/K+ pump)
Active Sites - Correct Answers-3D shape where reactants attach; lock-and-key and induced fit
model
Active Transport - Correct Answers-Active transport and secondary active transport
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) - Correct Answers-Result plus oxygen of removing the third
phosphate from ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) - Correct Answers-Energy currency of the body; provides
energy for other chemical reactions such as anabolism or drives cell processes such as muscle
contraction
Adhesion Belt - Correct Answers-Compose of glycoproteins that act as a weak glue to hold
cells together; found just below tight junctions
Adhesive molecules - Correct Answers-Hold proteoglycan aggregates together;
chondronectin in cartilage, osteonectin in bone, and fibronectin in fibrous connective tissue
Adipose or Fat Cells (Adipocytes) - Correct Answers-Common in some tissue (dermis of skin);
rare in some (cartilage)
Adipose Tissue - Correct Answers-Predominant cells are adipocytes; yellow (white) or brown
Albinoism - Correct Answers-Deficiency or absence of pigment; production determined by
genetics, hormones, exposure to light
Alkaline (Basic) - Correct Answers-A greater [ ] of hydroxide ions
Amino Acids - Correct Answers-Building blocks of protein
Anabolism (Synthesis Reaction) - Correct Answers-Chemical bonds are made
Anabolosim - Correct Answers-Collective term for synthesis reactions in body
Anaphase - Correct Answers-Spindles separate the chromatids, cytokinesis begins
Anatomical Position - Correct Answers-Body erect, face forward, feet together, palms face
forward
Anatomy - Correct Answers-Scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure
,Anions - Correct Answers-Are negatively charged ions
Anterior (Ventral) vs Posterior (Dorsal) - Correct Answers-Anterior is forward; posterior is
toward the back
Antiporters - Correct Answers-Move two ions or molecules in opposite directions at the
same time
Apocrine Glands - Correct Answers-Active at puberty; compound coiled tubular, usually open
into hair follicles; superficial opening of sebaceous gland; secretion of organic compounds that
are odorless, but when acted upon by bacteria, may become odiferous; found in axillae
(external labia, scrotum) and around anus
Apocrine Secretion - Correct Answers-Pinched of fragments of gland cells containing
secretory products pinched off the cell
Aquaporins - Correct Answers-Water channels
Areolar Connective Tissue - Correct Answers-Loose packing material of most organs and
tissues (glands muscles and nerves); aka stroma; attaches skin to underlying structures; contains
collagen, reticular, elastic fibers, and all 5 types of cells, often seen in association with other
types of CT like reticular tissues and fat; cells include fibroblasts, mast cells, lymphocytes,
adipose cells and macrophages
Arrector Pili - Correct Answers-Type of smooth muscle; muscular contraction causes hair to
"stand on end"; skin pushes up by movement of hair follicle
Atom - Correct Answers-Smallest particle of an element that has chemical characteristics of
that element; composed of subatomic particles
Atomic Mass - Correct Answers-Average mass of normally occurring isotopes
Atomic Number - Correct Answers-Equal to the number of protons in each atom
ATP-Powered Pumps - Correct Answers-Require ATP; the use of energy allows the cell to
accumulate substances; rate of transport depends on concentration of substrate and on
concentration of ATP.
Autopsy - Correct Answers-Examination of organs of a dead body to determine cause of
death
Avagrado's Number - Correct Answers-6.022 X 10^23 which represents the number of
particles in a mole
, Axon - Correct Answers-Cell process; conducts impulses away from cell body; usually only
one per neuron
Base - Correct Answers-A proton acceptor or any substance that binds to or accepts
hydrogen ions
Biomedical Research - Correct Answers-Shared characteristics between living things drive
research
Biopsy - Correct Answers-Removal of tissues for diagnostic purposes
Blood - Correct Answers-Is a mixture, solution, and colloid
Brown Adipose Tissue - Correct Answers-Found only in specific areas of the body (axillae,
neck, and near kidneys); cells are polygonal in shape, have a considerable volume of cytoplasm,
and contain multiple lipid droplets of varying size; nuclei are round and almost centrally located
Buffer - Correct Answers-A solution of a conjugate acid-base pair in which acid and bases
components occur in similar concentrations
Burn - Correct Answers-Partial thickness (1st and 2nd degree); full thickness (3rd degree);
fourth degree burns affect deeper structured
Callus - Correct Answers-Increase in the number of layers in Stratum Corneum; when this
occurs over a bony prominence, a corn will form
Carbohydrates - Correct Answers-Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; energy source
and structure; divided into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) - Correct Answers-Produced during the catabolism of organic
compounds; metabolic waste product; combines w/ H₂O in plasms and forms H+ thus affecting
acid-base balance
Cardiac Muscle - Correct Answers-Muscle of the heart; striated and involuntary; cylindrical
w/ single centrally located nucleus connected by undercalculated disks with gap junctions
Cardiovascular Physiology - Correct Answers-The heart and blood vessels
Cardiovascular System - Correct Answers-Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
Cardiovascular System Functions - Correct Answers-Transports nutrients, waste products,
gases, and hormones throughout the body; plays a role in the immune response and regulation
of body temperature
