Micro Exam 4 Portage Learning Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Micro Exam 4 Portage Learning Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What part of the immune system provides long-term protection after an infection? Memory cells What bacterial toxin can cause fever and shock when released in large amounts? Endotoxin What is the main structural difference between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria? Cell wall composition What lab test is commonly used to differentiate between types of bacteria based on their cell wall? Gram stain What immune response involves inflammation at the site of infection? Innate immune response 2 What component of the immune system acts immediately upon infection? Innate immunity What white blood cells are the first to arrive at the site of infection? Neutrophils What molecules on pathogens are recognized by the immune system? Antigens What immune protein helps neutralize pathogens by binding to antigens? Antibody What structure do bacteria use to move toward favorable environments? Flagella What term describes the ability of a microorganism to cause disease? Pathogenicity 3 What term describes the severity of a microorganism’s disease-causing ability? Virulence What process allows bacteria to stick to surfaces and tissues? Adhesion What part of a bacterial cell helps prevent desiccation and immune detection? Capsule What is the body's second line of defense against invading microbes? Inflammatory response What immune response uses antibodies to mark pathogens for destruction? Humoral immunity What type of immunity is passed through antibodies in breast milk? Passive immunity 4 What is the function of natural killer cells in immunity? Destroy infected or abnormal cells What enzyme found in saliva and tears helps destroy