Portage Learning: Microbiology Module 6 Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

Portage Learning: Microbiology Module 6 Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified What is the primary function of antimicrobial drugs? To kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms What type of antimicrobial kills bacteria directly? Bactericidal What type of antimicrobial slows bacterial growth without killing them? Bacteriostatic What is the target of penicillin in bacterial cells? Cell wall synthesis What is the primary structure targeted by beta-lactam antibiotics? Peptidoglycan layer 2 What enzyme breaks down beta-lactam antibiotics? Beta-lactamase What kind of bacteria are generally more resistant to antibiotics due to their outer membrane? Gram-negative bacteria What process describes how bacteria transfer resistance genes? Horizontal gene transfer What is one common mechanism of antibiotic resistance? Efflux pumps expelling the drug What is a broad-spectrum antibiotic? One that targets many different types of bacteria What is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic? One that targets a specific group of bacteria 3 What class of drugs interferes with bacterial protein synthesis? Aminoglycosides What antibiotic class targets bacterial ribosomes? Tetracyclines What type of drug inhibits DNA replication in bacteria? Fluoroquinolones What drug inhibits folic acid synthesis in bacteria? Sulfonamides What term describes the lowest concentration of an antibiotic that prevents visible growth? Minimum inhibitory concentration What is a superinfection? A secondary infection caused by the disruption of normal flora 4 What organ is most commonly affected by antibiotic toxicity? Liver What fungal infection can result from antibiotic overuse? Candidiasis What is one way antibiotics disrupt the microbiome?