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Frankenstein - GCSE English Literature - Detailed Summary Notes including quotes ordered by theme and character, chapter summaries, context and language analysis terms

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This document provides a detailed analysis of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, tailored for GCSE English Literature students. It includes theme-based quote collections (e.g., ambition, revenge, loneliness), key chapter summaries, character relationships, and contextual insights into Romanticism, Christianity, and literary references. The guide also features explanations of literary devices and their use in the novel, making it an ideal comprehensive revision resource.

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GCSE
Module
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Uploaded on
July 8, 2025
Number of pages
16
Written in
2024/2025
Type
Summary

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Quotes for various themes
Key
● Blue = Victor
● Purple = The monster
● Red = Walton
● Green = Elizabeth
● Orange = Justine
● Pink = De Laceys

Ambition
● “I preferred glory”
● “inestimable benefit” - infinity
● “secret of the magnet” and “secret of life”
● “avoid ambition”
● “another may succeed”
● “pour a torrent of light into this dark world”
● “ruled my destiny”
● “if the study … has a tendency to weaken your affections … then that study is
certainly unlawful”
● “one thought, one conception, one purpose” - anaphoric tricolon
● “no father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should
deserve theirs” - the word “deserve” suggests entitlement
● Victor compares himself to the “archangel that aspired to omnipotence”
● “bore me onwards, like a hurricane”
● “animated by an almost supernatural enthusiasm” - “enthusiasm” is
etymologically related to divinity and god

Prejudice and Physiognomy
● “heaven sent”
● “a distinct species”
● “fairer than a pictured cherub” - natural is superior to the artificial (Romantic)
● “lifeless and inanimate”
● “pale and distorted features”
● “bridal bier” - oxymoronic
● “who can describe their horror and consternation on beholding me”
● “I became fully convinced that I was in reality the monster that I am”
● “unearthly ugliness”

, ● “miserable deformity”
● “equal in deformity and wickedness”
● “yellow skin”
● “lustrous black”
● “pearly white”
● “my person was hideous and my stature gigantic” - distances himself from his
appearance
● “one glance from Justine could dissipate [ill humour]”

Relationships between characters
● “my friend, my benefactor” - anaphora
● “my more than sister”
● “and looked upon Elizabeth as mine - mine to protect, love and cherish” -
tricolon emphasises Victor’s duty towards her
● “my love, my wife” - anaphora
● Victor feels “parched with horror” when seeing Clerval’s dead body
● “I was the slave, not the master” and “you are my creator, but I am your master”
● “my tyrant and tormentor” - alliteration - Satan calls God a tyrant in Paradise
Lost
● Victor calls the monster’s hypothetical children a “race of devils”
● “we are enemies” and “my enemy” - allusion to Satan (Satan means enemy in
Hebrew)
● “my parents were possessed by the very spirit of kindness and indulgence”
● “my mother’s tender caresses”
● “my father’s smile of benevolent pleasure”
● “innocent and helpless monster bestowed on them by Heaven”
● “every feature and every muscle was relaxed from anguish to pleasure”
● “nothing could exceed the love and respect” shown by the cottagers
● “he rewarded [the cottagers] by his benevolent smiles”

Loneliness
● “I felt that I had no right to share their intercourse”
● “solitary chamber”
● “my heart yearned to be known and loved by these amiable creatures”
● “I was dependent on none and related to none” - epistrophe
● “Satan had his companions but I am solitary and abhorred”
● “one of those whose joy-imparting smiles are bestowed on all but me”
● “no Eve soothed my sorrows nor shared my thoughts”
● “I had never yet seen a being resembling me”

, ● “injustice and ingratitude of their infliction” - repetition of “in” sound
emphasises resentment
● “I desire the company of a man who could sympathise with me”

Natural goodness
● “I was benevolent and good; misery made me a fiend”
● “I am malicious because I am miserable”
● “I had begun life with benevolent intentions”
● “I do not destroy the lamb and the kid to glut my appetite”
● “I was benevolent; my soul glowed with love and humanity” - the monster is
humane but still rejected by humanity
● “was once filled with sublime and transcendent thoughts” - past tense
● “the fallen angel becomes a malignant devil”

Revenge
● “kindness and gentleness … gave way to hellish rage and gnashing of teeth”
● “I vowed eternal hatred and vengeance to all mankind”
● “revenge remains - revenge henceforth dearer than light or food!”
● “I will watch with the wiliness of a snake”
● “I declared everlasting war”
● “I was possessed by a maddening rage”
● “let the cursed and hellish monster drink deep of agony”
● “let him feel the despair that now torments me”
● “I devote myself … to his destruction”
● “I was hurried away by fury; revenge alone endowed me”

Sadness
● Feels “despondence and mortification” when he sees his reflection -
“mortification” is etymologically related to death - he feels dead when he sees
himself and was made from dead things
● “I ought to be thy Adam; but I am rather the fallen angel”
● “who am miserable beyond all living things!”
● “poor, helpless, miserable wretch”
● “no creature had ever been so miserable as I was”
● “Cursed, cursed creator!” and “Why did I live?” and “Great God!” and “Why did I
not then expire!” - parallels when the creature gets rejected by the De Laceys,
and Victor when Elizabeth dies
● “bore a hell within me”
● When thinking about monster’s threat, Victor bemoans “the apple was already
eaten” - a biblical allusion
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