MMSC423 Hematology Exam 1
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
2024-2025 A+
ADP is secreted from the:
dense granules
beta granules
delta granules
alpha granules
dense granules
Fibrinogen
main substrate of the coagulation system
Sodium Citrate
most common anticoagulant
Serum
fluid obtained when coagulated blood (red top tube) has been centrifuged
fibrinogen is absent
Hematology
the study if blood cells and the blood forming tissues in both the healthy and pathological states
- monitored by qualitative + quantitative evaluations of formed elements of blood
Buffy Coat
The white layer of WBCs and platelets that accumulate at the middle of separated non-clotted blood
Less than 1% of blood's content
What percentage of blood does the Buffy Coat account for?
,Between the plasma and RBC layers
Where is the Buffy Coat located in a separated blood sample?
Leukemia
What condition may be indicated by a large Buffy Coat?
hemostasis
The mechanism that leads to cessation of bleeding from a blood vessel.
1. constriction- blood vessels narrow
2. platelet plug- temporary plug formed from platelets
3. coagulation cascade- series of enzymatic reactions that activate clotting factors
4. fibrin plug- final clot formed from fibrin, a protein that strengthens the clot.
hemostasis steps
Formation of a 'plug' that closes up the damaged site of the blood vessel, controlling the bleeding
What is the result of the cascade in hemostasis?
Elements of Plasma
- Water: most abundant component
- Proteins: haptoglobin, hemopexin
- Antibodies: Immunoglobulins
- Lipids: Cholesterol, triglycerides
- Carbs: Glucose
- Electrolytes: K+, Cl-
- Enzymes: Serine proteases, transglutaminases
- Vitamins: Vitamin E
- Hormones
- Trace metals or drugs
,Plasma contains fibrinogen (Factor I) and serum does not
Difference between serum and plasma
Plasma
fluid contained when anticoagulated (purple top) blood is centrifuged
- fibrinogen is present
Serum
- fluid obtained when coagulated (red top) blood is centrifuged
- Fibrinogen is absent because it is converted to fibrin
(no coagulation factors)
Plasma
fluid obtained when anticoagulated blood (purple top tube) has been centrifuged
fibrinogen is present
Hemostasis
arrest of bleeding by spontaneous formation of the hemostatic platelet plug
Primary Hemostasis
endothelium has been cut
platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, platelet secretion
platelets congregate at breach in skin and form platelet plug
Secondary Hemostasis
fibrinogen turns to fibrin
activation of coagulation cascade
forms fibrin mesh which stabilizes platelet plug from primary hemostasis
Endothelial Cells
, rhomboid
provide smooth inner surface of blood vessel - promoting blood flow and presenting turbulence
that could activate platelets
form physical barrier
secrete TFPI, TPA
express EPCR, cell membrane thrombomodulin
Subendothelial Connective Tissue
collagen and fibroblasts in veins
collagen, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle in arteries
Collagen
procoagulant
binds to platelets
binds to factor XII
participates in intrinsic coagulation cascade
main structural protein in ECM
25-30% of protein in the body
amino acids form a triple helix structure
Heparan Sulfate
anticoagulant that enhances antithrombin
TFPI
anticoagulant that inhibits factor Xa , VIIa, and TF
synthesized by endothelial cells
slows down the coagulation cascade and clotting process
Factor III is known as
prothrombin time
calcium
Questions with 100% Correct Answers
2024-2025 A+
ADP is secreted from the:
dense granules
beta granules
delta granules
alpha granules
dense granules
Fibrinogen
main substrate of the coagulation system
Sodium Citrate
most common anticoagulant
Serum
fluid obtained when coagulated blood (red top tube) has been centrifuged
fibrinogen is absent
Hematology
the study if blood cells and the blood forming tissues in both the healthy and pathological states
- monitored by qualitative + quantitative evaluations of formed elements of blood
Buffy Coat
The white layer of WBCs and platelets that accumulate at the middle of separated non-clotted blood
Less than 1% of blood's content
What percentage of blood does the Buffy Coat account for?
,Between the plasma and RBC layers
Where is the Buffy Coat located in a separated blood sample?
Leukemia
What condition may be indicated by a large Buffy Coat?
hemostasis
The mechanism that leads to cessation of bleeding from a blood vessel.
1. constriction- blood vessels narrow
2. platelet plug- temporary plug formed from platelets
3. coagulation cascade- series of enzymatic reactions that activate clotting factors
4. fibrin plug- final clot formed from fibrin, a protein that strengthens the clot.
hemostasis steps
Formation of a 'plug' that closes up the damaged site of the blood vessel, controlling the bleeding
What is the result of the cascade in hemostasis?
Elements of Plasma
- Water: most abundant component
- Proteins: haptoglobin, hemopexin
- Antibodies: Immunoglobulins
- Lipids: Cholesterol, triglycerides
- Carbs: Glucose
- Electrolytes: K+, Cl-
- Enzymes: Serine proteases, transglutaminases
- Vitamins: Vitamin E
- Hormones
- Trace metals or drugs
,Plasma contains fibrinogen (Factor I) and serum does not
Difference between serum and plasma
Plasma
fluid contained when anticoagulated (purple top) blood is centrifuged
- fibrinogen is present
Serum
- fluid obtained when coagulated (red top) blood is centrifuged
- Fibrinogen is absent because it is converted to fibrin
(no coagulation factors)
Plasma
fluid obtained when anticoagulated blood (purple top tube) has been centrifuged
fibrinogen is present
Hemostasis
arrest of bleeding by spontaneous formation of the hemostatic platelet plug
Primary Hemostasis
endothelium has been cut
platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, platelet secretion
platelets congregate at breach in skin and form platelet plug
Secondary Hemostasis
fibrinogen turns to fibrin
activation of coagulation cascade
forms fibrin mesh which stabilizes platelet plug from primary hemostasis
Endothelial Cells
, rhomboid
provide smooth inner surface of blood vessel - promoting blood flow and presenting turbulence
that could activate platelets
form physical barrier
secrete TFPI, TPA
express EPCR, cell membrane thrombomodulin
Subendothelial Connective Tissue
collagen and fibroblasts in veins
collagen, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle in arteries
Collagen
procoagulant
binds to platelets
binds to factor XII
participates in intrinsic coagulation cascade
main structural protein in ECM
25-30% of protein in the body
amino acids form a triple helix structure
Heparan Sulfate
anticoagulant that enhances antithrombin
TFPI
anticoagulant that inhibits factor Xa , VIIa, and TF
synthesized by endothelial cells
slows down the coagulation cascade and clotting process
Factor III is known as
prothrombin time
calcium
